Heamatology/Oncology Flashcards
what are the Hb levels which define aneamia in children <5, between 5-11 and between 11-15?
<5 - <11g/dL
5-11 - <11.5g/dL
11-15 - <12g/dL
causes of iron deficient anaemia?
low iron diet (cows milk is low in iron)
growth spurt
menstrual bleeds
blood loss
what type of anaemia is iron deficient aneamia?
Microcytic, hypochromic anaemia
Presentation of anaemia
may be asymptomatic
pallor, irritability, anorexia, breathlessness, lethargy, repeated infections, strange food cravings (eg eating non-food products, known as Pica)
Causes of haemolytic anaemia and megaloblastic anaemia
haemolytic: thalassemia, autoimmune
megaloblastic: folate deficiency
Management of iron deficient anaemia
Prevention: iron fortified cereals, iron rich diet
iron supplementation (2-6mg/kg of oral ferrous sulphate for three months)
transfusions if child is compromised or has cardiac failure