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Biology > Healthy Heart And Lungs > Flashcards

Healthy Heart And Lungs Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Blood is composed of different type of cells floating in a liquid called?

A

The liquid is called plasma.

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2
Q

Blood that contains red blood cell, white blood cells and smaller particles is called?

A

blood that contains red blood cells, white blood cells an smaller particles are called platelets

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3
Q

What is the function of the red blood cells?

A

Red bloods cell transport oxygen and contain the pigment haemoglobin.

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4
Q

What is the function of the white blood cells?

A

White blood cells destroy bacteria and foreign particles e.g viruses

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5
Q

What are white blood cells part of in the body?

A

White blood cells are part of the immune systems

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6
Q

What are the two main types of white blood cells

A

They are called phagocytes ad lymphocytes

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7
Q

What is the function of phagocytes

A

Phagocytes carry out phagocytosis by engulfing bacteria

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8
Q

What is the function of lymphocytes

A

Lymphocytes produce specific antibodies which destroy viruses

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9
Q

What are antibodies

A

Antibodies have a specific complementary biding sites for only one type of foreign particle e.g virus.

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10
Q

How do vaccines work

A

Vaccines allow dead or altered form of the foreign particles to be introduce into the body so the immune system recognises it on exposure

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11
Q

How do platelet help the blood

A

Platelet help the blood to clot and reduce bleeding

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12
Q

What is the function of the heart

A

The heart pump blood around the body

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13
Q

What is the heart made of

A

The heart us made of cardiac muscle and pumps continuously

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14
Q

What are they chambers of the heart

A

The heart has four chamber; the right atrium the left atrium, the right ventricle ad the left ventricle

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15
Q

What does your pulse indicate

A

Your pulse can be a health indicator

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16
Q

What does it mean when the resting heart rate is lower

A

The person is fitter

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17
Q

What does it mean with the resting heart rate is very high

A

Is mean the person is unhealthy and this can lead to heart disease or stroke

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18
Q

What are low tech method of measuring pulse rate

A

A stop watch and fingertip or stethoscope

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19
Q

What is a high tech method of measuring a pulse rate

A

By using a pulse meter or a heart rate monitor liked to a computer

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20
Q

What is the function of arteries

A

The arteries carry blood away from the heart

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21
Q

What are the function of veins

A

Vein carry blood back to the heart

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22
Q

Veins contain valves

what is the function of valves

A

Valves are prevent black flow of blood

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23
Q

What are capillaries

A

Capillaries are small vessels which form a network between arteries and veins

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24
Q

What is oxygenated blood

A

Oxygenated blood is rich in oxygen

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25
Q

What is deoxygenated blood

A

Deoxygenated blood is rich in carbon dioxide

26
Q

What are the four blood vessels leading to and from the heart

A

The aorta, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein ad the vena cava

27
Q

What is the function of the aorta

A

The aorta carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the
body.

28
Q

What is the function of the vena cava

A

The vena cava returns deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart.

29
Q

What Is he function of the pulmonary artery

A

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the
lungs.

30
Q

What is the function of the pulmonary vein

A

The pulmonary vein returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

31
Q

Why is The muscular wall of the left-hand side of the heart is thicker than the right-
hand

A

The muscular wall of the left-hand side of the heart is thicker than the right-
hand side since it has to pump blood all round the body, whereas the right-
hand side only has to pump it as far as the lungs.

32
Q

What odes the coronary artery supplies

A

The coronary artery supplies the muscular wall of the heart with oxygenated
blood

33
Q

What is blood pressure

A

When the heart contracts and pumps blood into arteries under pressure, this
pressure is called blood pressure

34
Q

What can blood pressure be mesure by

A

Blood pressure can be measured using either a stethoscope & mercury
manometer or a digital sphygmomanometer

35
Q

When does systolic pressure occur

A

Systolic pressure occurs when the heart beats & pumps blood into the arteries
giving an average reading of 120 mmHg

36
Q

What is diastolic pressure

A

Diastolic pressure occurs between beats when the heart relaxes & fills with
blood giving an average reading of 80 mmHg

37
Q

What is the average blood pressure

A

The average blood presser is a adult is 120/80mmHg

38
Q

What is the reading of high blood pressure

A

Blood pressure that is greater than 160/90 mmHg

39
Q

What is high blood pressure cause by?

A

High blood pressure is caused by: being overweight, lack of exercise, incorrect diet( fats and salts), drinking alcohol excessively and stress

40
Q

What can high blood pressure cause?

A

High blood pressure can cause heart attack or strokes

41
Q

What causes low blood pressure

A

Low blood pressure can cause fainting and heart failure

42
Q

What is the function on the lungs

A

Lungs inflate to take air into the body & deflate to remove air from body

43
Q

What is the function of the windpipe

A

The windpipe allows air to flow from the mouth or Mose toward the lungs

44
Q

What is the bronchi

A

The bronchi are the 2branches that join the windpipe to the lungs

45
Q

What are bronchioles

A

Bronchioles are branches for the bronchi which lead to the air sacs

46
Q

What is the function of the air sacs

A

Air sac allows oxygen to pass from the lungs into the blood ad carbo dioxide to pass from the blood to the lungs

47
Q

What is the function of the ribs

A

The ribs shield and protect the lungs

48
Q

What are air sac surrounded by

A

Air sacs is thin walled and surrounded by capillaries

49
Q

What does breathing rate mean

A

Breathing rate is the number of breathed you take in one minute

50
Q

Your breathing rate will alter according to what

A

To your level of activity

51
Q

Why is breathing rate different

A

Breathing rate is different between individuals depending on their age, sex,
fitness and state of health

52
Q

What does exercise result in

A

Exercise results in faster, deeper breathing to get more oxygen to muscles &
get rid of waste carbon dioxide

53
Q

What happened i recovery time

A

Recovery time is the time required after exercise for rate & depth of breathing
to return to normal

54
Q

What does a short recovery time mean

A

A short recovery time indicates fitness

55
Q

How can the efficiency of the lungs be measures

A

The efficiency of the lungs can be measured using tidal volume, vital capacity
and peak flow

56
Q

What is tidal volume

A

The tidal volume is the volume of air breathed in and out in one normal breath

57
Q

How does tidal volume varies depending on

A

Tidal volume varies depending on body size, age, sex & level of fitness

58
Q

How is vital capacity measured

A

Vital capacity is a measure of the maximum volume of air that a person can
breathe out after having taken in as deep a breath as possible

59
Q

What is peak flow

A

Peak flow is the maximum rate that you can blow air out of your lungs and is
measured using a peak flow meter

60
Q

What is asthma

A

Asthma is a respiratory condition in which the air passages (bronchioles)
become narrower making breathing difficult causing wheezing

Biology (1 decks)

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