Healthy Heart And Lungs

Question 1

What is blood composed of?

Answer 1

Blood is composed of different types of cells floating in a liquid called Plasma.

Question 2

What does blood contain?

Answer 2

It contains red blood cells, white blood cells and smaller particles called platelets.

Question 3

What is the function of the red blood cells?

Answer 3

Red blood cells transport oxygen attached to the pigment haemoglobin.

Question 4

What are white blood cells part of?

Answer 4

The immune system.

Question 5

What is the function of white blood cells?

Answer 5

They destroy bacteria and foreign particles eg. viruses.

Question 6

How many types of white blood cells are there?

Answer 6

Two.

Question 7

What are the two main types of white blood cells?

Answer 7

They are called phagocytes and lymphocytes.

Question 8

How do phagocytes carry out phagocytosis?

Answer 8

By engulfing bacteria.

Question 9

What do lymphocytes do?

Answer 9

They produce specific antibodies that destroy viruses.

Question 10

What do Antibodies have to destroy viruses?

Answer 10

They have specific complementary binding sites for only one type of foreign particle eg. viruses.

Question 11

What do vaccines do?

Answer 11

Vaccines allow a dead or altered form of the foreign particle (virus) to be introduced into the body so the immune system recognises it on exposure.

Question 12

What is the function of the platelets?

Answer 12

Platelets help the blood to clot and reduce bleeding.

Question 13

What is the function of the heart?

Answer 13

The function of the heart is to pump blood around the body.

Question 14

What is the heart made of and does continuously?

Answer 14

The heart is made of cardiac muscle and pumps continuously.

Question 15

How many chambers does the heart have?

Answer 15

Four.

Question 16

What are the four chambers of the heart?

Answer 16

The right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium and the left ventricle.

Question 17

What can pulse be?

Answer 17

Pulse can be a health indicator.

Question 18

How can someone’s heart rate be high or low?

Answer 18

The fitter the person, the lower the resting rate.

Question 19

How healthy is a very high pulse rate?

Answer 19

A very high pulse rate is unhealthy and can lead to heart disease or a stroke.

Question 20

What can be used as a low tech method to measure pulse rate?

Answer 20

A stop watch and fingertips or stethoscope can be used as a low tech method to measure pulse rate.

Question 21

What can be used as a high tech method?

Answer 21

A pulsometer or heart rate monitor linked to a computer can be used as a high tech method of measuring pulse rate.

Question 22

What is the function of the arteries?

Answer 22

The arteries carry blood away from the heart.

Question 23

What is the function of the veins?

Answer 23

Veins carry blood back to the heart.

Question 24

Why do veins contain valves?

Answer 24

Veins contain valves which prevent the backflow of blood.

Question 25

What are capillaries?

Answer 25

Capillaries are small vessels which form a network between arteries and veins.

Question 26

What is oxygenated blood rich in?

Answer 26

Oxygen.

Question 27

What is deoxygenated blood rich in?

Answer 27

Carbon dioxide.

Question 28

What are the four major blood vessels leading to and from the heart?

Answer 28

They are:
The aorta, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein and vena cava.

Question 29

What is the function of the aorta?

Answer 29

The aorta carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.