Healthcare Technology and Information Management

Question 1

Adjustment

Answer 1

A statistical technique to aggregate values from specified population subsets, allowing comparison of samples from populations with differences in the relative size of subset populations.

Question 2

Administrative information system

Answer 2

An information system designed to assist in the performance of administrative support activities, such as payroll accounting, accounts receivable, accounts payable, facility management, intranet management, and human resources management.

Question 3

Big data

Answer 3

Large and complex data sets that may be analyzed for patterns.

Question 4

Clinical data repository

Answer 4

A database that consists of information from various sources of care and from various departments and/or facilities; the database may represent a longitudinal description of an individual’s care.

Question 5

Clinical decision support system

Answer 5

An application that accesses structured databases of clinical information to aid a clinician provider in defining probable diagnoses or in selecting appropriate diagnostic tests or treatment options.

Question 6

Clinical information system

Answer 6

A system that provides for the organized storage, processing, and retrieval of information to support patient care activities.

Question 7

Cloud computing

Answer 7

Remote access to data storage and processing functions via the Internet without use of or concern for the physical location in which the actual processing or storage systems are housed.

Question 8

Computerized provider order entry

Answer 8

A process of electronically entering instructions or orders regarding the diagnosis and treatment of patients.

Question 9

Confidentiality

Answer 9

Protection of information from unauthorized use as specified by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.

Question 10

Cybersecurity

Answer 10

Technologies, processes, and practices designed to protect networks, computers, programs, and data from attack, damage, or unauthorized access.

Question 11

Data warehouse

Answer 11

A web-accessible library of work processes, protocols, and performance measures available to all staff.

Question 12

Database management system

Answer 12

Software that enables the creation and accessing of data stored in a database.

Question 13

Decision support system

Answer 13

A system designed to support the decision-making process of an individual or organization through the use of data retrieval, modeling, and reporting.

Question 14

Distributed processing

Answer 14

A computer network topology in which the workload is spread out across a network of computers that can be located in different organizational units.

Question 15

Electronic health record

Answer 15

A system that consists of an individual’s medical records from all locations and sources; stored in digital format, it facilitates the storage and retrieval of individual records with the aid of computers.

Question 16

Electronic health record incentive programs

Answer 16

Programs established by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services in 2011 to encourage eligible professionals, eligible hospitals, and critical access hospitals to adopt, implement, upgrade, and demonstrate meaningful use of certified electronic health record technology.

Question 17

Grid computing

Answer 17

A distributed computing model whereby multiple Internet-connected computers emulate a supercomputer.

Question 18

Health informatics

Answer 18

The acquisition, storage, retrieval, and use of healthcare information to foster better collaboration among a patient’s various healthcare providers.

Question 19

Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act

Answer 19

Legislation that promotes the adoption and meaningful use of health information technology; part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and usually referred to as the HITECH Act.

Question 20

Health Level Seven (HLZ)

Answer 20

A standard for data formatting that helps to facilitate the exchange of data among disparate systems within and across software vendors.

Question 21

Healthcare information exchange

Answer 21

Smooth and safe coordination or transfer of patient data and information between two or more unrelated and disparate organizations.

Question 22

Knowledge management

Answer 22

Efficient handling of information and resources contained in the electronic health record, in the data warehouse of protocols and processes that guide patient care delivery, and from the literature and Internet.

Question 23

Legacy system

Answer 23

Outdated computer software that lacks the features found in more current versions.

Question 24

Life cycle (computer)

Answer 24

For computer programs, the sequence of specification, design, implementation, and maintenance. For computer hardware, the sequence in market status–development, announcement, availability, and obsolescence.

Question 25

Meaningful use

Answer 25

Use of certified electronic health record technology to improve the quality, safety, and efficiency and care and to reduce health disparities; eligible providers who do so receive incentive payments from the federal government.

Question 26

mHealth (or eHealth) application

Answer 26

Health- and healthcare-related information, tools, and other resources that can be accessed on mobile devices.

Question 27

Personal health information

Answer 27

Any health information, in any medium, that can be identified as related to an individual.

Question 28

Portfolio management

Answer 28

The process of selecting and managing an organization’s programs and projects, including valuation of existing and proposed projects against strategic business and clinical objectives for investment decisions.

Question 29

Specification

Answer 29

A statistical analysis that identifies values for a measure by defined subsets of a population, to allow accurate comparisons for each specified group.