Healthcare and Pharmacy Issues

Question 1

What is the vision of pharmaceutical care in Canada?

Answer 1

Coordinated healthcare and pharmaceutical policies that promote the health of Canadians equitably and sustainably

Question 2

What are the main objectives of pharmaceutical care in Canada/

Answer 2

1. Equitable access
2. Clinically appropriate
3. Safety
4. Fair value

Question 3

What are some actions taken to fulfill the objectives of pharmaceutical care in Canada?

Answer 3

Equitable access:
- Universal coverage with no direct patient costs

Safety:
- Health Canada oversees safety and quality of drugs
- Publication of relevant scientific data in regulatory decisions

Clinical appropriate:
- Universal drug information systems in all provinces
- Government regulation of drug advertisement
- Drug life-cycle analysis and postmarketing

Fair value:
- Price regulations to gain fair price and encourage innovation
- Pan-Canadian supply contracts for universal public drug plan
- Streamline entry for evidence-based generics and biosimilars

Question 4

Review slide 6 for a review of the objectives of pharmaceutical care in Canada

Question 5

What is a health advocate?

Answer 5

Demonstrate care for individual patient, communities and population by using pharmacy expertise to understand health needs and advance health and well-being of others

Question 6

What is a leader-manager?

Answer 6

Engage with others to optimize the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of healthcare and contribute to a vision of a high-quality healthcare system

Question 7

What is the effect of advocacy in pharmacy?

Answer 7

Support and push the profession to operate differently that is now and redefine what services it provides to patients and the public at large

Question 8

What are the three aspects of effective advocacy?

Answer 8

Need to be heard (be interesting to audience and engage them)

Need to be relevant (select key points for the audience and emphasize key points)

Need to be persuasive (get audience to accept your view, ethos, pathos, and logos)

Question 9

What are the three elements of persuasion?

Answer 9

Ethos (authority): I am a pharmacist, therefore you can trust me

Pathos (emotion): Appeal to the emotions of the audience, tell a story and create shared goals

Logos (reason): back arguments with facts and credible evidence, mistakes reduce credibility

Question 10

Does advocacy result in immediate change?

Answer 10

No, advocacy is a long-term process. Change is slow and incremental.

• Need to keep at it
• Takes time and continual effort (planting trees that you will not enjoy the shadow from)
• Ongoing communication is critical (work with other pharmacists and HCPs)

Question 11

What are pharmacists advocating for their scope expansion?

Answer 11

1. Prescriptive authority
2. Dispensing authority
3. Medication administration authority
4. Health testing authority

Question 12

Review pharmacist scope of practice on slide 16