health & wealth Flashcards
what is collectivism?
•state has a responsibility to provide for the weakest in society
•we should all pay national insurance to fund support for the vulnerable
•have a vision of a welfare state
-often associated with labour
according to individualists who are more likely to maintain and improve their home? and why
owners or renters
home owners
to improve its market value
individualists beliefs on
- state ownership
- home owners impact on crime rates
- cradle to grave system of benefits
- it stifles enterprise and innovation
- they’ll have more of an interest in tackling anti-social behaviour- high crime rates lower property values
- creates a “nanny state” and a culture of dependency
whats a big society
- an attempt to reduce the role of the state
- relies on charities and the 3rd sector to fulfil the role of the state e.g. the trussel trust run foodbanks
- encourages voluntary groups to support the less fortunate
- coalition cut benefit entitlements for the workshy
what is the living wage & what is the current minimum wage
- £7.20 now and £9 by 2020
* £6.50
how much of a difference do lifestyle choices make to health and life expectancy?
do make a difference
middle classes smoke and drink do
so they dont explain health inequalities
what is biological theory?
•sir harry burns found that difficult social circumstances in early years of life have a dramatic effect on the bodys defences
-e.g. a child brought up in a chaotic environment having parents with drink/drug issues, instability of care neglect or poor housing had been brought up in an aggressive environment- it will have an impact on health and lead to lower life expectancy
•has an immediate effect on childrens nervous system
what is the difference in stress levels between wealthy and poor
- wealthy people with responsible jobs suffer stress but have a high degree of control over theirs lives so the stress is less toxic on the body
- poorer people have less control so the stress is much more damaging
individualism is…
individuals are to blame and it is up to an individual to get out of poverty or improve their health
“laissez-faire”
often associated with conservatives
the UK is one of the ____ unequal country in the developed world
it scores __/__
most unequal
29th out of 34
only the US, turkey, chile, mexico & israel are more unequal
-UK has more billionaires per capita than any other country
a 2015 scottish govt. survey found that more than _______ a million scots, including ___________ children have been living in severe poverty
half a million
100,000 children
north glasgow is has _____ rates of unemployment whilst east dunbartonshire is amongst the ______ towns in the UK
(the two are just 5 miles apart)
high unemployment rates
-also has high rates of child poverty
wealthiest towns
name 3 inequalities found by a 2012 Save the Children survey
- twice as likely to start school with developmental difficulties
- twice as likely to have emotional and physical developmental difficulties
- twice as likely to have problems with communication and expression/making themselves understood
- 50% more likely to face difficulties mixing with other children
- 40% more likely to be behind in their cognitive development-the ability to gain knowledge and learn
what were the main features of the 2013 reform act?
- a universal single credit
- changes to the disability living allowance
- private companies given contracts to get the unemployed back to work
- those refusing to work facing a maximum 3 year loss of benefits
- annual benefit cap of £26,000 per family
what percentage of uk households live in relative poverty?
16%
what is the median income? (in 2012)
£26,500
what percentage of the median income is relative poverty?
60% of £26,500
what is it like living in relative poverty?
doing without a holiday, not being able to save £10 a month or replace a broken household appliance-> poor compared to other families in the UK
£309 a week
is poverty falling, rising or unchanged? (from 2000/01~2013/14)
relative = fell in 2013/14 before housing costs but not as much after
pre-24%~18%. post-21%~14%
absolute = fell in 2013/14 but not to the same extent after housing costs
pre-25%~15% post-27%~20%
how many people live in poverty?
730,000 - relative
800,000 - absolute
what happened to working age poverty
working age adult poverty fell (for both pre & post 🏠 cost but the decreases were smaller for post) 14-15%pre & 19-21%post )) in 2013/14 reflects increase in employment and hours worked
what happened to pensioner poverty?
relative =11-12% rose 10,000 more
absolute pensioner poverty rose by 1% (for both pre & post🏠) to 17% pre and 14% post
pensioners are leas able to increase their incomes- lower income pensioners are more reliant on basic state pensions, and whilst they were uprated in line with average earnings, the increase was below inflation growth
difference between males & female pensioner poverty?
poverty rates bhc for female pensioners have been higher than that for male pensioners- however it has widened over the past two years and its worst its been over the last decade
from every 100 people living in severe poverty
pensioner
kids
working age adults
9
21
71
what are the 5C’s
cleaning clarking cashiering caring catering
of those working in education, social work and health services are women?
78.3%
how many pensioners are concerned with rising fuel costs
90%
