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1
Q

who identifies best practices for naming a disease

A

WHO with WOAH world organization for animal health with FAO

final approval from international classification of diseases

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2
Q

world organization of animal health

A

he World Organisation for Animal Health, formerly the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) is an intergovernmental organization for animal disease control. Other objectives consist of: sanitary safety, food safety and animal welfare. It is recognized as a reference organisation by the World Trade Organization (WTO) and in 2018 had a total of 182 member It is not depended on UN

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3
Q

what are the terms that need to be avoided in naming a disease

A

geographical indication
peoples name
animal name but pathogen name is allowed

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4
Q

what is PHEIC and how many PHEIC have been announced

A 
unusual spread of disease beyond borders 
SPZE
swine flue
polio
zika ebola 2 times 
therefore 5 times
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5
Q

SUTRA

A

model to predict wave

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6
Q

Influenza A

A

humans and animals

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7
Q

Influenza B

A

affects only humas

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8
Q

Influenza C

A

humans and pigs but are rarely zoonotic

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9
Q

Influenza D

A

affects cattle only

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10
Q

Who started Aarogyapath

A

CSIR

chain portal

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11
Q

What is project CARD

A

started by NITI and DBT aims to scale up the testing

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12
Q

what is IGOT

A

training module on DIKSHA app

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13
Q

which are the techniques that are used to detect COVID 19

A

RTPCR
Antigen test
antibody
CBNAAT/genexpert catridge based nuclear acid amplification
TrueNAT detects SARS COV E gene (indigenous ) last two also for TB

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14
Q

INSACOG

A

Indian SARS-CoV-2 Genomic Consortia (INSACOG) launched,coordinated by Department of Biotechnology (DBT) along with MoH&FW, ICMR, and CSIR

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15
Q

when is community transmission declared

A

when new cases in last 14 days cannot be traced

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16
Q

what is eCOVsens

A

portable COVID testing kit by animal biotech lab

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17
Q

what is ct value

A

number of cycles required if Ct value < 35 case positive state can differ the value

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18
Q

COBAS 6800

A

RT PCR based 12000 samples in 24 hrs also can detect HIV, Hep B and C

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19
Q

what is RT lamp advantages

A

lamp is cost effective and not need complex equipment
ISOTHERMAL 65 C reagent 4 degree while PCR 20 C
it takes place 10-30 min while 8-10 hr

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20
Q

COVIRAP

A

within an hour while RT PCR takes 3 to 4 hour

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21
Q

what is saline garle RT PCR

A

NEERI

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22
Q

FELUDA

A

crisper cas 9 based paper strip test

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23
Q

Mi SHERLOCK

A

also crisper cas 9

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24
Q

COVID kavach ELISA

A

NIV pune IgG

25
SPOT
detect COVID through saliva by US it uses LAMP
26
what is reproduction ration
average number of people who will catch disease
27
what is SGTF test
s gene detecting in omicron
28
what are the stages of concerns
variant of interest varient of concern variant of high consquence
29
what is parent strain of COVID
D614G
30
ALPHA STRAIN
UK B117
31
BETA STRAIN
SOUTH AFRICA B1351
32
GAMMA
BRAZIL P1
33
DELTA
INDIA B16172
34
EPSILON
US 131429
35
ZETA
P2
36
THETA
PHILLIPINES
37
can live attenuated vaccines activate B cell and t cell immunity
yes
38
which vaccines are primarily inactivated virus
COVAXIN | COVI VAC by codagenesis
39
does covaxin have adjuvant addition
yes
40
which are famous viral vectors
covisheild and sputnik | sputnik uses AD26 aand Ad5 to express spike protein
41
mRNA vaccines
uses lipid coating mRNA vaccines work by introducing a piece of mRNA that corresponds to a viral protein, usually a small piece of a protein found on the virus’s outer membrane. (Individuals who get an mRNA vaccine are not exposed to the virus, nor can they become infected by the vaccine.)
42
what are conjugate vaccines
to trigger t cell immunity sometimes polysacchacharides are added eg soberna of latin america
43
astrazenca i.e covishield
adenovirus ...2 injection 12 week 82% efficiency
44
covaxin by icmr and NIV
2 injections with 81% efficiency
45
sputnik
2 injection 21 day to 3 months and stored below -18.55degree
46
moderna by Pfizer
mRNA
47
sinovac
like covaxin inactivated virion
48
vaccines that are approved for emergency use authorization
``` covishield covaxin zyCoV D sputnik moderna Jonhson and johnson COrbeVAX by biological E uses protein subunit COVOVAX by serum uses nanoparticle ```
49
Anthrax
disease of herbiverous and affects mammals and birds it is zoonotic but NON CONTAGIOUS
50
WHO guidelines for plasma therapy
no plasma should be taken from the same person within 12 weeks
51
epidemic of past
``` spanish flu 1918 SARS 2005 H1N1 2009 Ebola 2014 MERS 2015 ```
52
what is hydroxychloroquine lopinavir ritonavir | fabiflu tocclumizab
antiretroviral drugs
53
NTD
india has largest burden of NTD 11 | and eliminated guniea worm, trachoma and yaws
54
which are protozoan NTD
chagos (triatosomine bug leishmania human african trypansomiasis
55
viral NDT by WHO
Rabies chikengunya Dengue RCD
56
Bacteria WHO NDT
Buruli ulcer Leprosy Trachoma BLT
57
other NTD
``` Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Disease) Echinococcosis Fascioliasis Mycetoma Onchocerciasis Schistosomiasis Soil-transmitted Helminths (STH) (Ascaris, Hookworm, and Whipworm) ```
58
what is END7
``` public awareness on 7 tropical disease lympatic filiaris river blindness snail fever trachoma hookworm whipworm roundworm ```

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