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Bros > HEALTH TEST 5 > Flashcards

HEALTH TEST 5 Flashcards

1
Q

The most important components of your immune system

A

White blood cells or leukocyte

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2
Q

Kill pathogens by engulfing and disposing them

A

Phagocytes

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3
Q

Organisms such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses that cause disease

A

Pathogens

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4
Q

Condition in which capillaries become larger to allow more blood to reach the affected area

A

Inflammation

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5
Q

Y-shaped protein molecules that are produced by B cells

A

Antibodies

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6
Q

A complex network of fluid-filled vessels and chambers that helps transport the white blood cells throughout the body and aids them in cleansing the body pathogens

A

Lymphatic System

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7
Q

After the tissue fluid has entered to the lymph capillaries ,this tissue is called…

A

Lymph

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8
Q

Bean-shaped organs

A

Lymph nodes

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9
Q

Special accumulations of lymphatic tissue in the throat that help defend against infections of the throat and digestive tract

A

Tonsils and adenoids

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10
Q

Similar groups of lymphatic tissue that are located on the wall of the lower small intestine

A

Peyer’s patches

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11
Q

Body’s largest lymph organ

A

Spleen

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12
Q

Serves as the “boot camp” where immature T cells are matured and “trained” after being produced in the bone marrow

A

Thymus

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13
Q

Elevated body temperature , especially effective weapon against many bacteria and some viruses.

A

Fever

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14
Q

Fevers are beneficials unless…

A

They last too long or become too high

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15
Q

Serves as a shield that protects the body from invading pathogens

A

Skin

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16
Q

“Ordinary doctor” that treats ordinary people with ordinary diseases and disorders

A

Internist

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17
Q

Any condition that interferes with the body’s normal functioning

A

Disease

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18
Q

The study of disease, its causes, and its treatments

A

Pathology

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19
Q

Diseases that are caused by invading pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi

A

Infectious diseases

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20
Q

Diseases that result from factors such as aging, malnutrition, hormonal imbalances, genetic or developmental problems, or malfunctioning organs or systems

A

Noninfectious diseases

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20
Q

A disease that is severe but lasts only a short time or occurs suddenly

A

Acute

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21
Q

A disease that last for a long time or tends to recur often

A

Chronic

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22
Q

Infectious diseases that can be spread from person to person

A

Communicable

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23
Q

Infectious diseases that cannot be spread from person to person

A

Noncommunicable

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24
Q

Microscopic, single-celled organisms that are some of the most widespread organisms in all God’s creation

A

Bacteria

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25
Q

A tiny capsule of genetic information that can reprogram a living cell to produce new virus particles instead of the cell’s normal products

A

Virus

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26
Q

Microscopic, single-celled creatures that resemble miniature animals

A

Protozoa

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27
Q

An animal that transmits infection

A

Vector

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28
Q

Activated lymphocytes and antibodies that remain in your bloodstream and lymph nodes. They “remember” the encounter with the pathogen

A

Memory cells

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29
Q

A condition of resistance to a particular disease or pathogen is called…

A

Immunity

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30
Q

Type of immunity that results from circulating antibodies or memory cells in your bloodstream

A

Acquired immunity

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31
Q

Helps protect infants and new borns from infections. Antibodies acquired from the mother .

A

Inborn immunity

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32
Q

Occurs because many pathogens infect only a certain type of organisms

A

Species immunity

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33
Q

The PRACTICE of introducing weakened or dead pathogens into the body to provoke the immune system into developing an acquired immunity

A

Vaccination

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34
Q

A SUBSTANCE that stimulates your immune system

A

Vaccine

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35
Q

Substances produced by bacteria, molds, and other organisms that STOP the growth of bacteria

A

Antibiotics

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36
Q

Diseases that are not caused by pathogens are called

A

Noninfectious diseases

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37
Q

Diseases in which tissues and organs gradually lose their ability to function properly

A

Degenerative diseases

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38
Q

The most common degenerative disease in industrialized nations

A

Cardiovascular disease

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39
Q

A degenerative disease in which the bones deteriorate and become brittle

A

Osteoporosis

40
Q

A degenerative disease in which the victim loses a significant amount of his intellectual capability is known as…

A

Dementia

41
Q

Disease characterized by tremors, stiffness of the limbs, reduced facial expressions, and slow movement.

A

Parkinson’s disease

42
Q

Term that means “good death” that is intentionally causing or hastening death in order to prevent or end suffering.

A

Euthanasia

43
Q

Diseases that occur during development in the womb and are present at birth

A

Congenital diseases

44
Q

Terms that means intentionally causing or hastening the death of an unborn child

A

Abortion

45
Q

Diseases caused by malfunctions of the immune system are referred as…

A

Immunological diseases

46
Q

Diseases that occur when the immune system attacks the body are…

A

Autoimmune diseases

47
Q

Most common form of immunological disease

A

Allergy

48
Q

Disease that results from a shortage of iron in the diet

A

Anemia

49
Q

Diseases in which symptoms are caused by mental or emotional factors, rather than physical problems, are called…

A

Psychosomatic diseases

50
Q

A condition that results from the runaway growth of the body’s own cells

A

Cancer

51
Q

A mass of rapidly reproducing cells

A

Tumor

52
Q

When a tumor shows no tendency to spread through the body

A

Bening

53
Q

When the tumor has the capability to spread through the body

A

Malignant

54
Q

Specialist who threats cancers

A

Oncologist

55
Q

Any condition that hinders a person from performing ordinary activities

A

Disability

56
Q

A person who has lost the use of his legs is said to be…

A

Paraplegic

57
Q

A person who has impaired mobility in both the legs and arms is said to be

A

Quadriplegic

58
Q

Leading cause of death in the United States and other industrialized nations

A

Cardiovascular diseases

59
Q

Medical term for a person with high blood pressure

A

Hypertension

60
Q

Specialist who treats diseases and disorders of the cardiovascular system

A

Cardiologist

61
Q

A gradual degeneration of the artery walls that causes them to become stiff and hard

A

Arteriosclerosis

62
Q

“Pain of the chest” ,Whenever the heart muscle becomes slightly starved for blood , and it begins to ache.

A

Angina pectoris

63
Q

When a portion of the heart muscle may be completely deprived of oxygen and nutrients causing…

A

Heart attack

64
Q

Technical name for a heart attack

A

Myocardial infarction

64
Q

When the heart may be unable to continue beating

A

Cardiac arrest

65
Q

The most serious arrhythmia in which the heart ceases to beat and instead quivers randomly

A

Ventricular fibrillation

65
Q

Any condition in which the normal rhythm of the heart is impaired

A

Arrhythmia

66
Q

When a blood vessel in the brain ruptures or becomes clogged, interrupting the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the brain

A

Stroke, Cerebrovascular accident

66
Q

Technical name for a stroke

A

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

67
Q

A stationary blood clot that forms in a blood vessel

A

Thrombus

68
Q

A weak spot that causes that portion of the artery to ballon outward

A

Aneurysm

69
Q

Specialist that treats skin diseases and disorders

A

Dermatologist

70
Q

A piece of a blood clot or other debris that floats through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel

A

Embolus

71
Q

Occurs when skin cells are infected with a particular type of virus, causing the cells to reproduce rapidly and form a mall mound of infected cells.

A

Wart

72
Q

When blood sugar rises to high levels

A

Hyperglycemia

73
Q

Condition in which the level of ketones makes the blood so acidic that the body cannot function properly

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis

73
Q

Specialist who treats diseases and disorders of the endocrine system

A

Endocrinologist

74
Q

Condition of abnormally low blood sugar is known as ….

A

Hypoglycemia

75
Q

The most common infectious disease in man

A

Dental caries

76
Q

A disease in which the gums detach from the teeth and, eventually, the bones supporting the teeth are destroyed.

A

Periodontitis

77
Q

An open sore in one of the body’s membranes is called…

A

Ulcer

78
Q

An ulcer in the lining of the stomach or duodenum is…

A

Peptic ulcer

79
Q

Disease in which the patient’s blood does not clot (or clots very slowly)

A

Hemophilia

80
Q

Inflammation of the liver

A

Hepatitis

81
Q

The most well known immune-deficiency disease

A

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

82
Q

A slow-acting virus that infects certain white blood cells and hinders their ability to fight infection

A

Human Immunodeficiency Disease (HIV)

83
Q

Condition in which the joints become inflamed

A

Arthritis

84
Q

When a bursa becomes swollen or inflamed

A

Bursitis

85
Q

Nerve damage

A

Neuropathy

86
Q

A loss of memory

A

Amnesia

87
Q

A prolonged state in which a person seems unconscious or unaware of his surroundings.

A

Coma

88
Q

Tightly sealed lining that prevents most pathogens and harmful substances from entering the brain

A

Blood-brain barrier

89
Q

A condition in which one or more layers of the meninges become inflamed

A

Meningitis

90
Q

Inflammation of the brain

A

Encephalitis

91
Q

Same virus that causes chickenpox also causes a painful nerve infection called

A

Shingles

92
Q

One of the simplest and most effective ways to stop the spread of many diseases

A

Frequent handwashing

93
Q
A

Bros (4 decks)

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