Health Technology Assessment (L12)

Question 1

Health Technology Assessment

Answer 1

1. cost effectiveness analysis - science of comparing costs and benefits of different medical treatments
2. cost-benefit analysis - process of choosing an optimal treatment by creating a tradeoff between money and health

Question 2

cost effectiveness analysis

Answer 2

process of measuring costs and health benefits of various medical treatments, procedures and therapies

less controversial part of HTA, because it is concerned with measuring costs and benefits, not comparing them

Question 3

dominated treatment

Answer 3

a treatment for which there is an alternative treatment that is both cheaper and more effective. never optimal to use a dominated treatment.

Question 4

incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER)

Answer 4

ICER=(Ca-Cb)/(Ea-Eb)>0

Question 5

quality-adjusted life years (QALY)

Answer 5

combines quality of life and life expectancy into a single index

each year of life receives a quality weight q between 0 and 1 that reflects the quality of that year

Question 6

value of life estimates rely on what

Answer 6

1. labor market choices
2. product purchase decisions
3. government policies

Question 7

labor market choices

Answer 7

in order to attract workers to more hazardous jobs, high-risk employers offer additional wages (“risk premiums”), which supplement the wages workers would earn in comparable, but lower-risk jobs