health status Flashcards
health status
an individual or population’s overall level of health wellbeing, taking into account various indicators such as life expectancy and mortality
health indicators
standard statistics used to measure and compare health status
self-assessed health status
an individual’s opinion on their own health and wellbeing, state of mind and life in general that provides an indication of one’s health and wellbeing
life expectancy
the number of years on average that are remaining to an individual at a particular age if death rates do not change
health-adjusted life expectancy (hale)
the average number of years that an individual at a specific age can expect to live in full health free of disease or injury
mortality
refers to death, often at a population level
mortality rate
measure of the proportion of a population who die in a one-year period (usually per 100,000)
infant mortality rate
the rate of deaths of infants before their first birthday, usually expressed per 1,000 live births
under-5 mortality rate
the number of deaths of children under the age of 5 per 1,000 live births
maternal mortality rate
the number of mothers who die as a result of childbirth, pregnancy or associated treatment, per 100,000 live births
morbidity
refers to ill health in an individual and levels of ill health in a population, expressed through incidence and prevalence
incidence
refers to the number of new cases of a disease or condition in a population during a given period (usually 12 months)
prevalence
the total number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time
burden of disease (bod)
a measure of the impact of disease and injuries, specifically the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and injury, measured in DALY. daly = yll + yld
disability-adjusted life year (daly)
a measure of burden of disease, where one DALY is equal to one tear of healthy life lost due to illness and/or death. DALY = yll + yld
yll
years of life lost due to premature death. fatal component of daly
yld
years lived with disability, illness or injury. non-fatal component of daly
why is yll greater when a younger person dies compared to an older person
yll is greater when a younger person dies because they had more potential years left to live compared to an older person. as yll is calculated based on the difference between the age at death and the expected life expectancy, a younger person’s death results in a higher loss of potential years, whereas an older person has already lived most of their expected lifespan.
