Health Statistics And Epidemiology Flashcards
It is the study of the collection, organization ,analysis, and interpretation of numerical values or data.
Statistics
Provides a basic picture of a population’s size and composition through birth, death, and marital events.
Vital statistics
Offers a more comprehensive view of the health of a population, disease pattern, health behaviors, and healthcare utilization.
Health Statistics
The study of the distribution and determinants of health related states or events in specified populations
Epidemiology
The measure of disease frequency in a population
Morbidity
The measure of death in a population
Mortality
The proportion of individuals in a population with a specific disease or condition at a given time.
Prevalence
The number of new cases of a disease or condition occuring in a population during a specified period
Incidence
The occurence of a disease at a higher frequency than expected in a given population
Epidemic
An epidemic that spreads across multiple countries or continents.
Pandemic
It refers to a collection of information about the population you serve as a community health nurse.
Data
What are the types of Data
•Demographic Data
•Morbidity Data
•Mortality Data
•Vital Statistics
It is the statistical study of human populations especiallywith reference to age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, distribution in the potentially affected community
Demography
Are statistics that describe the population and their characteristics
Demographics
What are the main demographic variables?
•Age
•Gender
•Education/Occupation
•Family structure
What are the factors affecting population size
•Fertility
•Mortality
•Migration
Describes the characteristics of a population based on factors such as age, sex, education, occupation, and ethnicity
Population composition
Defined as summary measures that capture relevant information on different attributes and dimensions of health status and performance of a health system.
Health Indicators
The ratio between the number of live births in a population during a given year and the total mid-year population for the same period
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
The ability to have babies or to reproduce
Fertility
Represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year
General Fertility Rate
Provide important information of the health status of the people in the community
Mortality indicators
It is the measure of frequency of occurrence of death in a defined population during a specified interval
Mortality rate
Is the death of an infant before the infant’s first birthday
Infant mortality
The number of maternal deaths in a given period per population of women who are of reproductive age
Maternal mortality rate
The death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and the site of pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes
Maternal mortality
Is a mortality rate limited to a particular age group
Age specific mortality rate
The probable number of years remaining in the life of an individual or class of persons determined statistically, affected by such.
Life Expectancy
Measures the proportion of individuals in a community with a specific disease or condition at a particular time
Prevalence
Yeas of potential life lost due to disability or premature death
Disability-Adjusted life years (DALYs)
Percentage of children who have received recommended vaccinations
Immunization Coverage
Percentage of the population who smoke tobacco products
Smoking rates
Proportion of the population engaging in regular physical activity
Physical Activity Levels
Percentage of the population consuming a healthy diet
Healthy Diet Practices
Lack of resources can hinder data collection, analysis, and implementation of effective interventions
Limited resources
Incomplete or inaccurate data reporting can limit the usefulness of morbidity indicators
Data quality
Uneven distribution of healthcare facilities and personnel can create data gaps in certain areas
Limited infrastructure
