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Health Science Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

largest organ in the body

A

skin

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2
Q

I this type of burn only affects the epidermis

A

First degree

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3
Q

another name for hair is

A

pilus

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4
Q

the function of melanin is to

A

protect the skin from UV light

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5
Q

the process where skin cells die and harden is

A

keratinization

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6
Q

Adipose is found in what layer of skin

A

Subcutaneous aka Hypodermis

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7
Q

what gland coats the epidermis and hair to provide lubrication and inhibits bacterial growth

A

sebaceous

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8
Q

goosebumps occur when

A

the pili muscles as they raise in the upright position

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9
Q

function of skin

A

to regulate body temp

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10
Q

the bones of the pectoral girdle include the

A

clavicle and scapula

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11
Q 
what bone did not belong in appendicular 
sacrum 
tarsal
ulna 
radius
A

sacrum

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12
Q

what is appendicular

A

arms, legs, fingers, limbs 126

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13
Q

Axial

A

80 bones ( skull, rib cage , vertebrae)

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14
Q

4 bone shapes

A

shorts (wrist) long(arm) flat(shoulder) irregular (hip ot spinal column)

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15
Q

3 kinds of ribs

A

1 )true (1-7)

2) false ( 8,9,10)
3) floating ribs (11,12)

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16
Q

5 parts of spinal cord

A

1) 7 cervical neck
2) 12 thoracic chest
3) 5 lumbar lower back
4) sacrum triangular bone
5) coccyx tailbone

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17
Q 
what does not belong 
spinal cord 
skull
hip 
ribs
A

hip

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18
Q

children’s bones are —- than adults

A

more flexible

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19
Q

what causes most broken bones

A

too much stress placed on the bone

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20
Q

the part of the bone that the articular cartilage covers directly is the

A

epiphysis

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21
Q

the technical name for the kneecap is

A

patella

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22
Q

functions of joints 2

A

holds bones, gives skeleton mobility

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23
Q

what are the 4 kinds of joints

A

ball and socket, Gliding, hinge joint, pivot

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24
Q

function of bones

A

support, protections, movement, storage, blood cell formation.

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25
Q

4 partes of the bone

A

periosteum, compact bone

spongy, marrow

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26
Q

3 kinds of muscle

A

smooth, cardiac, skeletal

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27
Q

smooth muscle

A

­ Involuntary

­ Found in walls of hollow organs (blood vessels, intestines)

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28
Q

Cardiac

A

­ Involuntary

­ Found only in the heart

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29
Q

Skeletal

A

­ Moving the skeleton
­ Most are attached to bones by tendons
­ Voluntary
­

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30
Q

Actin

A

thin proteins

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31
Q

Myosin

A

thick protein

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32
Q

The entire process of muscle contracting is referred to as this theory

A

sliding filament theory

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33
Q

supuration means

A

ankle leans out

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34
Q

over pronation means

A

ankle leans in

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35
Q

Grade two strains

A

tear of muscle, temporary loss of function

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36
Q

Grade Three strains

A

severe tearing of muscle, loss of function, internal bleeding and swelling

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37
Q

Abduction

A

moving away from midline of body

38
Q

adduction

A

move towards midline of body

39
Q

label the skeletal muscle tissue

A

look up if need

40
Q

tendon

A

muscle to bone

41
Q

ligaments

A

bone to bone

42
Q

what is homeostasis

A

ability of the body to maintain a stable environment

43
Q

CNS meaning

A

Central nervous system
brain and spinal cord,
incoming and outgoing info

44
Q

PNS

A

Peripheral nervous system

composed of sensory and motor neurons

45
Q

Sensory neurons

A

carries impulses from sense organs and receptors to CNS

46
Q

Motor Neurons

A

Carry nerve impulses from CNS to Muscles and glands

47
Q

Afferent Vs Efferent

A

Efferent out from CNS to Muscles/ Afferent muscles to CNS

48
Q

4 lobes of the brain

A

frontal lobe, temporal, parietal, occipital

49
Q

negative feedback

A

to stabilize a systems not to crazy (when to hot we sweat)

50
Q

positive feedback

A

(giving birth) to bring something back to normal

51
Q

label neurons

A

lookup

52
Q

three kinds of neurons

A

sensory, interneurons, moter

53
Q

what is C5- C7 injury

A

loss of function in the upper trunk and extremities

54
Q

46 chromosomes are called

A

diploid

55
Q

23 chromosomes are called

A

haploid

56
Q

name the 6 major male hormones

A

Gn, FSH, LH, Androsterone, Testosterone, Inhibin ( look further into this)

57
Q

name 4 main female hormones

A

FSH, LH, progesterone, estrogen

look more into this

58
Q

why does Menopause happen

A

FSH is not being released

59
Q

what is a fertilized egg called

A

zygote

60
Q

when Blastocyst is implanted in endometrium the group of cells is called a/an

A

embryo

61
Q

what path does the sperm take from the testes to outside of the body

A

epididymis- vas deferens- ejaculatory duct- penis

62
Q

what is Pap

A

test for cervical cancer

a collection of cervix cells

63
Q

what happens in the third trimester

A

­ fetus growth rapid, organs now grow quickly

­ average baby is 45 cm long and weighs 3400g

64
Q

what happens in the second trimester

A

fetus moves, organs have formed, eyelids and eyelashes formed, cartilage skeleton have been replaced with bone

65
Q

why do baby have 206 bone and we don’t

A

some bones grow into one as they are growing up

66
Q

where is sperm stored and matured

A

epididymis

67
Q

superficial

A

-towards the surfaces of the body

68
Q

Deep

A
  • away from surface of body
69
Q

Proximal

A

-closer to the trunk

70
Q

Distal

A

-away from trunk

71
Q

Lateral

A

away from midline of the body

72
Q

Medial

A

towards the midline of body

73
Q

Superior

A

closer to head

74
Q

Inferior

A

away from head

75
Q

Anterior

A

towards the front of the body

76
Q

Posterior

A

towards back of body

77
Q

three kinds of planes

A

Sagittal, Transverse, Frontal

78
Q

why is ultrasounds better than X-rays or MRI

A

Radiation is not good for you in am X-ray but high-frequency sound waves show any images which do not hurt you

79
Q

what is BMR

A

Basal Metabolic Rate how many calories you need in a day

80
Q

what is an enzyme

A

Building blocks/ biological catalysts

81
Q

4 kinds of monomers

A

Carbohydrates, Amino Acids/Proteins, Fats/ lipids, Nucleic acids

82
Q

what is dehydration synthesis

A

monomers being mixed together leaving us with and H and OH making H2O

83
Q

Amino Acids

A

Peptides

84
Q

what is Hydrolysis

A

polymers reduced back to two or more Monomers and putting back the H2O

85
Q

Carbohydrates

A

mono
Di
Polysaccharides

86
Q

what are the 3 simple sugars

A

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

87
Q

what are polypeptides

A

Proteins

88
Q

what is Saturated Fat

A

fatty acid molecules without double bonds

89
Q

what is Unsaturated Fat

A

fatty acid molecules with at least one double bond

90
Q

what ae the three main types of Lipids

A

Triglycerides.Steroids.Phospholipids

91
Q

Nucleic Acids include

A

DNA, ATP, RNA

health science (1 decks)

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