Health promotion Flashcards
leading cause of death in all ages
heart disease
cancer
accidents
**
wht is the top three cancer deaths
Lung
colon
pancreas
what is the most common cancer
skin cancer
most common type of skin cancer
basal cell
what cancer causes the majority of skin cancer deaths
melanoma
most common cancer by gender is men
prostate cancer
what is the most common cancer for women
breast cancer
Sensitivity
A sensitive test is very good at identifying/detecting those people who have the disease (true positive).
An easy way to remember is to think of “sensitivity—rule in” or “SIN.”
Specificity
A specific screening test is very good at identifying/detecting those people without the disease (true negative).
An easy way to remember is to think of “specificity—rule out” or “SPOUT.”
USPSTF recommends ASA use to prevent cardiac disease and colorectal cancer guidelines
Aged 50 to 59 years with ≥10% CVD risk: Initiate low-dose aspirin use for primary prevention of cardiovascular and colorectal cancer in patients who are not at increased risk for bleeding with life expectancy of at least 10 years and who are willing to take low-dose aspirin daily for at least 10 years
Aged ≥70 years: Insufficient evidence about aspirin use for primary prevention
Baseline mammogram should start at age
50 and repeat every 2 years until age 74
women who have the BRCA gene should obtain MRI and mammogram when
every year starting at age 30
Cervical screening for Pap begins at what age
21
age 21- 29 pap smear is done
every 3 years w/cervical cytology alone
30 - 65 yrs pap is done
every 3 yrs with cytology alone and 5 yr with high risk HPV
Colorectal cancer screening should begin at at
45
There are several methods that are acceptable for screening people with average risk of colon cancer:
Colonoscopy every 10 years
Flexible sigmoidoscopy or CT colonography every 5 years
High-sensitivity fecal occult blood test (FOBT) or fecal immunochemical test (FIT) every year (if positive, needs colonoscopy)
Stool DNA (SDNA) every 1 or 3 years (if positive, needs colonoscopy)
Total lipid profile after a 9-hour (minimum) fast and universal lipid screening in all adults aged
40 - 75
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends the use of low- to moderate-dose statin for adults with no history of CVD (primary prevention) when all of the following criteria are met:
Aged 40 to 75 years
The patient has one or more CVD risk factors (e.g., dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus [DM], hypertension, smoking).
The patient has a calculated 10-year risk of a cardiovascular event of ≥10%.
Aged ≥76 years without history of heart attack or stroke (insufficient evidence)
The likelihood that a patient benefits from statin therapy depends on their absolute baseline risk of having a future CVD event.
lung cancer screening should be done
Screening for persons who smoke (30 pack-years) or have quit in the past 15 years
Aged 55 to 80 years: Annual screening with low-dose CT (LDCT)
Discontinue screening once person has not smoked for 15 years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life expectancy or the ability or willingness to have curative lung surgery.
