HEALTH NUTRITION & CARE

Question 1

NUTRITION

Answer 1

It is the organic process through which the body makes use of nutrients

Question 2

NUTRIENTS

Answer 2

they are the digested food substances which are absorbed into the body

Question 3

MACRO NUTRIENTS

Answer 3

also referred to as large nutrients - required in large quantities to nourish the body. (carbohydrates, fates and proteins

Question 4

MICRONUTRIENTS

Answer 4

required in small quantities. they include vitamins and minerals. they are essential for survival as they promote many body functions such as building immunity

Question 5

FOOD

Answer 5

any substance taken into the body to sustain life

Question 6

DIET

Answer 6

recommended food taken in regularly to ensure survival

Question 7

BALANCED DIET

Answer 7

food containing all nutrients in their right quantities, portions as required by the body

Question 8

MCH(MATERNAL CHILD HEALTH)

Answer 8

services offered to mothers & their children

Question 9

CARBOHYDRATES(energy giving foods)

Answer 9

sources include cereals e.g maize, rice, wheat, millet, tubers e.g cassava, potatoes, yams, arrowroots

Question 10

FUNCTIONS OF CARBOHYDRATES

Answer 10

i. Supplies the body with energy which serves as body fuel to both internal & external activities
ii. Spares proteins from being used as a source of energy
iii. helps the body to burn body fats
iv. adds flavour to the diet
v. helps in the formation of genetic material
vi. helps in reducing the risk of colon cancer
vii. helps in keeping the body warm

Question 11

DEFICIENCY OF CARBOHYDRATES

Answer 11

i. General body fatigue due to low energy supply
ii. Weight loss muscle wasting
iii. problems in the digestive system
iv. increases risk of colon cancer
v. low blood sugar level

Question 12

RISKS OF TAKING CARBOHYDRATES IN EXCESS

Answer 12

i. obesity
ii. body fatigue
iii. under consumption of other nutrients

Question 13

LIPIDS (FATS & OILS)

Answer 13

they provide energy to the body.

Question 14

FUNCTIONS OF FATS

Answer 14

i. supply the body with energy
ii. transportation of fat soluble vitamins & vitamins A, D, E and K
iii. storing nutrients in the body for later use
iv. Adds flavor and texture to other foods
v. provide insulation and protection of the body organs such as the kidney
vi. helps in keeping the skin oily

Question 15

DEFICIENCY OF FATS

Answer 15

i. Muscle wasting
ii. Body fatigue
iii. Dry skin
iv. Risk of damage to internal organs
v. High risk of deficiency of fat soluble vitamins A, D, E and K

Question 16

PROTEINS

Answer 16

Body building foods. animal proteins e.g beef, poultry, fish, beef, milk
plant proteins e.g peas, beans, groundnuts

Question 17

FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS

Answer 17

i. They contains essential amino acids which are the building blocks of body tissues
ii. they help in making antibodies to fight diseases
iii. helps to regulate body metabolic processes
iv. repair of worn out body tissues
v. form important parts of body enzymes, hormones and cell membranes which are important for normal functioning of the body
vi. Helps in maintaining water balance in the body
vii. helps in the development of new cells and hence growth of children
viii. serves as a source of energy in the absence of carbohydrates
ix. helps in muscle contraction and assisting in control and movement of muscles

Question 18

DEFICIENCY OF PROTEINS

Answer 18

i. high vulnerability to infections
ii. Body fatigue
iii. Feeling of irritability
iv. Leads to protein energy malnutrition disorder
v. Stunted growth
vi. Mental retardation
vii. low recovery rate. eg healing of wounds

Question 19

NUTRITIONAL NEEDS FROM BIRTH TO 6 MONTHS

Answer 19

milk. colostrum is the first secretion from the mammary glands after giving birth which is rich in anti bodies

Question 20

NUTRITIONAL NEEDS FROM 7 TO 12 MONTHS

Answer 20

they need a balanced diet which includes fish,poultry, beef, vegetables and fruits