Health issues in sub-Saharan Africa & Link between health and water security Flashcards

1
Q

Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest infant mortality rates in the world

A

True

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2
Q

During the period of the MDG’s (Millennium Development Goals) not much progress on improving health was made

A

False

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3
Q

What country did we study that is facing the impact of malaria?

A

Malawi

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4
Q

What are the causes of Malaria in this country?

A

The shores of Lake Malawi are perfect breeding conditions for mosquitoes due to the warm, stagnant water

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5
Q

Why are people more vulnerable to Malaria in rural areas?

A

Houses are constructed of mud bricks and thatched roofs which offer little protection from mosquitoes.

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6
Q

What are Mosquitoes becoming resistant to

A

insecticides

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7
Q

What people are at a high risk of getting Malaria?

A

Children
Pregnant women
Those that have HIV as their immune system is weaker.

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8
Q

What strategies have been put in place to combat Malaria

A

Insecticide treated bed nets, Indoor residual spraying, antimalarial drugs (However these are not accessible to everyone.)

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9
Q

What country did we study that has one of the worlds highest numbers of people infected with HIV?

A

Malawi

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10
Q

More people have HIV in urban areas than in rural areas

A

True

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11
Q

What are the social and economic impacts/consequences of HIV

A

Low life expectancy in the 50’s
Many families are in poverty due to adults being too ill to work
The country’s development is limited due to a reduction in taxes being paid as a result of fewer people working, Children of adults with HIV often drop out of school to care for parents.

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12
Q

What strategies has the government put in place to combat HIV/AIDS

A

HIV testing and counselling, Investment in preventing mother-to-child transmissions by giving medication whilst pregnant
Increase availability of free condoms
Increase the amount of people treated with antiretroviral treatment (ART) which helps to prevent HIV developing to AIDS.

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13
Q

When did the Ebola outbreak occur?

A

March 2014

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14
Q

Where did the Ebola outbreak occur?

A

West Africa - Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia

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15
Q

Why were the people of West Africa more vulnerable?

A

Because they are poor and so they have less well fed, have poor living conditions and cannot afford treatment.

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16
Q

What NGO helped the people of Liberia by offering financial support, repaired toilets and water points and trained teachers to educate people about good hygiene?

A

Oxfam

17
Q

Why is clean, safe water essential to social and economic development?

A

To maintain water supplies for people to drink, provide hygiene, grow food, supply industrial processes.

18
Q

What area in sub-Saharan Africa suffers from water insecurity?

A

Nigeria, Sahel Region of Africa

19
Q

Give 4 reasons why this region suffers with water insecurity

A

Hot semi-arid climate with long dry season, Rainy season is unreliable, The government has failed to provide enough piped water supply or sanitation to cities such as Kano, Poverty and drought has brought political instability.

20
Q

Why does the city of Kano in Nigeria have a high amount of people at risk of polio?

A

Poor sanitation- It has no sewage system
High density shanty towns
2003-2004 vaccinations were stopped by local Muslim leaders
Extremists opened fire on 2 polio clinics killing 9 health workers.

21
Q

What has the state government and UNICEF done to try and get rid of polio?

A

Educate people about the benefits of polio vaccine.