Health & Globalization

Question 1

What are the key factors impacting health?

Answer 1

Economic status/Employment opportunities

Literacy

Urban vs. Rural residence/Country/region of residence

Race/Ethnicity

Biological/social/cultural factors

Workplace hazards

Gender inequalities/the value society places on women

Question 2

How many people globally are affected by tuberculosis?

Answer 2

1/3 of the world is infected; more than 900 million women and girls affected

Question 3

Out of the people that have TB, how many are expected to die from TB annually?

Answer 3

2.5 million will get sick, 1 million will die

Question 4

How does TB affect women differently than men?

Answer 4

Leading infectious disease killer of women

TB more likely to be diagnosed later in women, and women are more likely than men to die of TB

Stigma associated with diagnosis impacts quality of life

Treatment of TB is difficult with multi-drug resistant forms

Question 5

What are the most common cancers in women?

Answer 5

breast, cervical, lung, stomach, colorectal

Question 6

Breast cancer

Answer 6

leading cause of cancer deaths in women with 1 million new cases annually worldwide

Risk increases with age

Incidence varies by ethnicity and region

Question 7

Cervical cancer

Answer 7

second most common with 493,000 new cases annually

85% of cases occur in low-income countries

Linked to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection

Pap smear highly effective in early detection; HPV vaccine

Question 8

What are risk factors for gender based violence?

Answer 8

Young age

Military presence in a country or war

Poverty

Dislocation/displacement of populations

Cultural customs/traditions

Question 9

What age range of women are more likely to be injured or die from violence than from cancer, traffic accidents, malaria, and war combined?

Answer 9

15 - 44

Question 10

Explain “missing women” and the causes of the concept.

Answer 10

60 million “missing women” mostly in Asia

Neglect of female children in health care, admissions to hospitals and feedings

Female infanticide/abortions/dowry deaths/maternal mortality

Question 11

How does women’s education affect child survival?

Answer 11

Increase in the education of women has been shown to decrease child deaths under five.

Two decades of research shows that children benefit when their mother’s status is raised