Health, Fitness & Personal Training

Question 1

Biomechanics

Answer 1

The study of the mechanical laws governing movement of living organisms.

Question 1

Chronic Diseases

Answer 1

Conditions lasting year or more that limits daily activities and/or require ongoing medical attention.

Question 1

Training Effect

Answer 1

The body’s adaptation to the learned and expected stress imposed by physical activity.

Question 2

Resting Heart Rate (RHR)

Answer 2

The measure of heart rate when completely at rest.

Question 3

Blood Pressure

Answer 3

The force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries during the two phases of the cardiac cycle.

Question 4

Hypertension

Answer 4

High blood pressure measuring more than 140/90 mm Hg

Question 5

Risk Factors

Answer 5

Variables associated with increased risk of disease or infection.

Question 6

Obesity

Answer 6

An abnormal or excessive accumulation of body fat that may cause additional health risks.

Question 7

Joint

Answer 7

An articulation between two bones in the body

Question 8

Cartilage

Answer 8

Firm, flexible connective tissue that pads and protects joints and structural components of the body.

Question 9

Tendons

Answer 9

Strong, fibrous cords made of collagen that attach muscle to bone.

Question 10

Metabolism

Answer 10

All of the chemical processes that occur in the body to support life including converting food into energy.

Question 11

Diabetes

Answer 11

A condition characterized by an elevated level of glucose in the blood.

Question 12

Heart Disease

Answer 12

A term used to describe several different heart conditions.

Question 13

Ligaments

Answer 13

Short bands of tough but flexible fibrous connective tissue connecting two bones or cartilages or holding together a joint.

Question 14

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

Answer 14

An emergency procedure involving chest compressions and, often artificial ventilation to circulate blood and preserve brain function in an individual in cardiac arrest.

Question 15

Automated External Defibrillator (AED)

Answer 15

A portable electronic device that can identify and electrically correct heart arrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation, and tachycardia.

Question 16

Behavior

Answer 16

An action that can be observed, measured, and modified.

Question 17

Type 2 Diabetes

Answer 17

A long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.

Question 18

Transtheoretical Model (TTM)

Answer 18

A behavior change model focused on the stages of change, the process of changing behavior, self-efficacy, and the decision balance.

Question 19

Self-Efficacy

Answer 19

The certainty of one’s ability to accomplish a particular task.

Question 20

Motivational Interviewing(MI)

Answer 20

A collaborative, client-focused method of guiding a client toward a self-identified motivation for change.

Question 21

Stages Of Change

Answer 21

The series of temporal stages of readiness that a person progresses through during the behavior change process.

Question 22

Processes Of Change

Answer 22

The strategies and techniques that can influence an individual’s transition from one stage of change to the next.

Question 23

Self-Determination Theory (SDT)

Answer 23

A general theory of human motivation that suggests a person is motivated to change by three basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness

Question 24

Motivation

Answer 24

The reason(s) one has for behaving in a certain way.

Question 25

Intrinsic Motivation

Answer 25

The drive to execute behaviors that are driven by internal or personal rewards.

Question 26

Extrinsic Motivation

Answer 26

The drive to perform certain behaviors based on external factors such as praise, recognition, and money.

Question 27

Autonomy

Answer 27

The need for self-governance and control over one's own behaviors.

Question 28

Competence

Answer 28

The basic need to feel a sense of mastery and operate effectively within the environment.

Question 29

Relatedness

Answer 29

The need to feel connected to and supported by others as well as a sense of belonging within a group.

Question 30

OARS Model

Answer 30

A communication model for motivational interviewing that includes open-ended questions, affirmations, reflective listening and summarizing.

Question 31

Rapport

Answer 31

A close, harmonious relationship in which all parties involved understand one another's feelings and communicate well.

Question 32

Open-Ended Questions

Answer 32

Questions that require more than a yes or no answer and encourage the client to communicate the "how" and "why."

Question 33

Goal Setting

Answer 33

The process of identifying the client’s ideal state, determining their current state, and defining the actions that must be taken to close the gap.

Question 34

Outcome Goal

Answer 34

A goal where the end result is a specific desired outcome.

Question 35

Process Goal

Answer 35

A goal where the focus is on the process or action that will lead to the desired end result.

Question 36

SMART Principle

Answer 36

Acronym to enable goals to be more objective; S—specific, M—measurable, A—achievable, R—relevant, T—time-bound.

Question 37

Subjective Goal

Answer 37

A goal based on a subjective outcome that will be dependent on the interpretation of the individual client.

Question 38

Objective Goal

Answer 38

A goal based on objective quantifiable data that can be measured and evaluated.

Question 39

Implementation Intention

Answer 39

A preset plan that links critical situations (e.g. anticipated obstacles or opportunities) to goal- directed responeses.