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Final: PE GCSE > Health, Fitness and Wellbeing > Flashcards

Health, Fitness and Wellbeing Flashcards

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1
Q

Health Definition

A

“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not simply the absence of disease or illness

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2
Q

What do you need to understand the definition of Health?

A

Physical well-being
Mental well-being
Social well-being

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3
Q

Definition of Physical well-being

A

Physical well-being is about how well your body is functioning

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4
Q

Definition of Mental well-being

A

It is about how you feel about yourself and being able to cope with the normal stresses of life

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5
Q

Definition of Social well-being

A

It is about how you interact with others and form relationships

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6
Q

Observations of a good Physical well-being

A

• Your body organs work better (e.g. heart, lungs, etc…)
• Reduced risk of obesity, less suffering of any illnesses, deseases or injuries.
• Stronger fit enough to do everyday activities (e.g. walking, etc…)

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7
Q

Observations of a good Mental well-being

A

• You feel good and confident about yourself. Increase in self-esteem.
• You are able to control your emotions, pressure and challenges.
• Reduced stress and anxiety
• Able to release endorphins (makes you feel good) and serotonin (reduces depression).

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8
Q

Observations of a good Social well-being

A

• You have friendships and support.
• You are able to work as a team, able to cooperate with others. It makes you feel involved in society.
• You have the essential human needs (e.g. food, clothing, shelter)

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9
Q

Fitness definition

A

The ability to meet the demands of the environment

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10
Q

What is D.R.A.W

A

Diet
Recreational drugs
Activity levels
Work/Rest/Sleep/Balance

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11
Q

What does a balanced diet mean?

A

• The right amount of nutrients and energy, for daily needs
• A diet to high in calories, or other specific nutrients, may lead to obesity or health issues.
• Diet with few calories lead to malnutrition

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12
Q

Differences between Recreational and Performance Enhancing Drugs

A

Examples of Recreational Drugs
Alcohol and Smoking —> affects organs and may lead to organ failure, cancer, can lead to obesity because of excess calories, and increases blood sugar.

Performance Enhancing Drugs.
Examples —> Steroids athletes use to boost their strength and add muscle. These can cause shaking, inability to focus, sleep loss, low appetite and dehydration

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13
Q

Why is it important to be active?

A

Because the activities help reduce health risks. Inactive lifestyles have a very negative impact on our health.

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14
Q

What does Work/Rest/Sleep Balance

A

Rest reduces stress and anxiety (Mental well-being)
Sleep allows your body to rest and recover (physical well-being)
Lack of sleep affects concentration.

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15
Q

Sendentary Lifestyle definition

A

A Sedentary Lifestyle is a lifestyle we’re there is little, irregular or no physical activity.

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16
Q

Consequences of living a sedantary lifestyle

A
  • Lack of friends
  • Depression
  • Diabetes
  • Insomnia
  • Low self esteem
  • Weigh gain / Obesity
17
Q

Definition of Obesity

A

Obesity is people that have an excess body fat - mainly caused by an imbalance of calories consumed to energy expenditure (BMI 30+)

18
Q

Overweight Definition

A

Overweight is when you weigh more than the ideal weight for height (BMI 25 - 29.9)

19
Q

What is the formula to calculate someone’s BMI? And what does BMI stand for?

A

Kg/m squared
• Body Mass Index

20
Q

What are the characteristics of an Ectomorph?

A

• Very thin and lean (usually tall)
• Narrow shoulders, hips and chest
• Not much fat / muscles
• Long arms and legs

21
Q

Characteristics of an Endomorph

A

• Pear-shaped body
• Higher content of fat
• Fat around middle, thighs and upper arms

22
Q

Characteristics of a Mesomorph

A

• A wedge or rectangular body shape in men.
• Hourglass shape body in women.
• Higher muscle content.
• Broad shoulders and thin waist.

23
Q

Balanced diet definition

A

A balanced diet is eating the right amount of nutrients to match your lifestyle and energy needs.

24
Q

Macronutrients definition

A

Macronutrients are the nutrients our body needs in large amounts

25
Q

Examples of macronutrients

A

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats

26
Q

Carbohydrates… Why are they important? Source of nutrients? Useful sources of energy?

A

• they provide the fasted source of energy
• allows athletes to perform longer and is most used for endurance events (e.g. Cycling and Marathon running)

• They come from Bread, Rice, Pasta and potatoes

27
Q

Proteins… Why are they important? Source of nutrients?

A

• builds up muscle tissues to make the body stronger
• they repair muscle tissues

• they come from Meat, Eggs and Nuts
• proteins provide very little energy only if the body really needs it

28
Q

Fats… Why are they important? Source of nutrients? Useful sources of energy?

A

• provide large amounts of energy
• contain essential fatty acids that the body needs to function
• insulates the body against the cold, protects our organs

• fats come from Butter, Cheese, Ice cream, Fatty meats and Oil
• provides 70% of energy needs
• the energy provided can only be used at low intensities when oxygen is fully present in the body, Aerobic respiration

29
Q

Vitamins

A

• aid growth
• boost in the immune system
• regulates body functions
They come from vegetables and fruits
• they do not generate ANY energy

30
Q

Minerals

A

Same as vitamins

31
Q

Fibre

A

• helps to ouch your food along the intestine, prevents constipation
• it absorbs poisonous waste from digested foods
• makes you feel full
• they come from vegetables, fruit, bread and cereal
• NOT A SOURCE OF ENERGY

32
Q

Hydration definition

A

Having enough water (water balance) to enable normal functioning of the body

33
Q

Dehydration definition

A

Excessive loss of body water interrupting the function of the body

34
Q

Rehydration definition

A

Consuming water to restore hydration

35
Q

Effects of dehydration

A

• blood thickens (increased viscosity)
• increased heart rate; can cause irregular heart rate / rhythm
• reaction time reduced
• fatigue

36
Q

Energy Requirements

A

Males need 2500 kilocalories per day
Females need 2000 kilocalories per day

37
Q

Energy balance

A

To maintain energy balance the food intake needs to match the energy needs.
- increase in energy intake result in weight gain
- increase in energy needs without increase of energy intake will result in weight loss

Final: PE GCSE (1 decks)

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