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Jadon's Flash Cards > Health Final > Flashcards

Health Final Flashcards

1
Q

What is a person who studies or is an expert in nutrition?

A

Nutritionist

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2
Q

What is a specialist in the branch of medicine concerned with the study and treatment of disorders and diseases of the eye

A

Opthalmologist

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3
Q

What is a medical practitioner specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders

A

Dermatologist

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4
Q

What is a medical specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the nervous system

A

Neurologist

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5
Q

What is a doctor of internal medicine

A

Internist

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6
Q

What is a doctor who treats cancer and provides medical care for a person diagnosed with cancer

A

Oncologist

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7
Q

What is a healthcare provider who specialize in diagnosing, treating and managing diseases that affect the blood

A

Hematologist

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8
Q

What is a physician who interprets and diagnoses the changes caused by disease in tissues and body fluids

A

Pathologist

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9
Q

What medical meaning refers to the head

A

Cephal

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10
Q

What is the prefix that means heart

A

Cardio-

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11
Q

What is a suffix means “diseased condition”

A

-iasis

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12
Q

What is a prefix that means “heat”

A

Therm-, or Thermo-

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13
Q

What refers to a tumor

A

-oma

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14
Q

What means inflammation

A

-itis

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15
Q

What refers to the bones

A

Osteo-

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16
Q

What refers to the stomach

A

Gastro-

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17
Q

What means “hard”

A

Scler-, or Sclero-

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18
Q

What refers to the lungs

A

Pnuemo-

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19
Q

What means “science” or “study”

A

-logy

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20
Q

What refers to the liver

A

hepat-, or hepato-

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21
Q

What refers to the muscles

A

my-, or myo-

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22
Q

What refers to the nervous system

A

neuro-

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23
Q

What are drugs that slow down brain activity, often producing feelings of tranquility or sleepiness

A

Depressants

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24
Q

Name the depressants

A

Alcohol
barbiturates
benzodiazepines
Valium
Rohypnol

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25
Q

What are drugs that are derived from the hemp (marijuana) plant

A

Cannabinoids

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26
Q

Name the cannabinoids

A

Marijuana
THC
Hashish
Sinsemilla

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27
Q

What are drugs which speed up the activity of the central nervous system

A

Stimulants

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28
Q

Name the Stimulants

A

Cocaine
Crack
Amphetamines
Methamphetamine

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29
Q

What are drugs that relieve pain and may produce euphoria and drowsiness

A

Narcotics

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30
Q

Name the narcotics

A

Opiates
Opium
Morphine
Codeine
Heroin
Opioids

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31
Q

What are volatile household chemicals or other substances that some people use to “get high” by inhaling concentrated vapor

A

Inhalants

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32
Q

Name the Inhalants

A

Gasoline
Glue
Fingernail polish remover
Solvents

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33
Q

What are drugs that mimic the muscle-stimulating effects of the male hormone testosterone; used medically to treat certain hormone deficiencies but commonly abused as well

A

Anabolic Steroids

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34
Q

What are drugs that produce hallucinations

A

Hallucinogens

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35
Q

Name the hallucinogens

A

LSD
MDMA
PCP
Ketamine

36
Q

What is a medicine that causes loss of feeling; described as either local or general

A

anesthetic

37
Q

What is a medicine that reduces the sensation of pain but does not cause loss of other skin senses (touch, pressure, and temperature)

A

analgesic

38
Q

What is the higher blood pressure that occurs when the ventricles of the heart contract

A

systolic pressure

39
Q

What is the lower blood pressure that occurs while the heart is resting between beats

A

diastolic pressure

40
Q

What is the enlargement of muscles through use

A

hypertrophy

41
Q

What is the wasting away or degeneration of muscles caused by lack of use

A

atrophy

42
Q

What is the tough outermost layer of the eye; the white of the eye

A

sclera

43
Q

Describing a tumor whose cells show no tendency to spread throughout the body

A

benign

44
Q

What is a condition in which a drug user becomes unable to function normally without a drug

A

dependence

45
Q

What is a phenomenon in which a drug user requires more and more of a drug to reach a “high”

A

tolerance

46
Q

What is the thick bundle of nerve fibers, located within the spinal cavity, through which the brain communicates with the body

A

spinal cord

47
Q

What is a substance that alters the function of the body in some way

A

drug

48
Q

What is the proportion of nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and fiber compared to the number of calories the food contains

A

nutrient density

49
Q

What is the movement of blood from the heart through the body (except the lungs) and back

A

systemic circulation

50
Q

What is the flow of blood between the heart and the lungs

A

pulmonary circulation

51
Q

What is an injury in which the skin is not broken but blood vessels under the skin are broken, causing a bruise

A

contusion

52
Q

What is a wound that is caused by a pointed object that pierces the skin

A

puncture

53
Q

What is a scrape

A

abrasion

54
Q

What is a cut having a jagged edge

A

laceration

55
Q

What is a technique that combines artificial respiration with chest compressions (artificial circulation) to keep oxygen-rich blood circulating to the brain and heart

A

CPR

56
Q

What does RICE stand for

A

R-est
I-mmobilize
C-old
E-levate

57
Q

What is a large, reddish-brown organ, located in the upper right side of the abdomen just beneath the diaphragm, that carries out a variety of essential functions

A

liver

58
Q

What is a lymphatic organ located behind the sternum and between the lungs above the heart; the center where immature T cells are matured and “trained” after being produced in the bone marrow

A

Thymus

59
Q

What is the waterproof protective membrane that covers the outside of the body, protecting the body from drying out and from infection by bacteria and viruses

A

skin

60
Q

What is a fist-sized organ, located just behind the stomach on the body’s left side, that filters the blood, stores a reserve supply of blood, and functions in the lymphatic system

A

spleen

61
Q

What are the four glands located on the back surface of the thyroid gland; function with the thyroid gland to regulate the amount of calcium in the blood

A

parathyroid glands

62
Q

What is an endocrine gland located on the front of the neck, at the junction of the larynx and trachea; secretes hormones that regulate the body’s metabolism

A

thyroid gland

63
Q

What is the small gland in the center of the brain that regulates the body’s waking and sleeping cycles by secreting the hormone melatonin

A

pineal gland

64
Q

What is a small endocrine gland, located just below the brain, that secretes a variety of hormones; sometimes called the master gland

A

pituitary gland

65
Q

What is a condition in which the body temperature is higher than normal

A

hyperthermia

66
Q

What is a condition in which the body temperature is lower than normal

A

hypothermia

67
Q

What is a potentially fatal condition that occurs when the body’s blood pressure drops to a critical low as a result of blood loss or dehydration, causing imminent heart failure unless quickly treated

A

shock

68
Q

What is another name for white blood cells; the “soldiers” of the immune system

A

leukocytes

69
Q

What are Y-shaped protein molecules, produced by B lymphocytes, that destroy or inactivate pathogens

A

antibodies

70
Q

What is an organism such as a virus, bacterium, fungus, or protozoan that causes disease

A

pathogen

71
Q

What are substances produced by bacteria, molds, and other organisms that stop the growth of bacteria; some of the most commonly prescribed medicines

A

antibiotics

72
Q

What is a substance that stimulates the immune system into developing an acquired immunity to a particular disease

A

vaccine

73
Q

What is inflammation of the liver

A

hepatitis

74
Q

What is an inflammation of the linings of the trachea or bronchial tubes

A

bronchitis

75
Q

What is the body system that consists of endocrine glands and the hormones they manufacture; helps regulate the body’s growth and development and influences most of its functions

A

endocrine system

76
Q

What system delivers oxygen to and remove excess carbon dioxide from body tissues

A

respiratory system

77
Q

What system includes the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and the blood they contain and transports oxygen and nutrients to body cells and carries away waste products

A

cardiovascular system

78
Q

What is an unborn child from the 9th week after conception, when the child is distinctly recognizable as a miniature baby, until birth

A

fetus

79
Q

What is an unborn child in the very early stages of development, from the time the zygote implants itself in the wall of the uterus to the time that the child has a recognizable human shape

A

embryo

80
Q

What are food substances composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of approximately 1:2:1; examples include sugars, starches, and cellulose

A

carbohydrates

81
Q

What is the part of the brain located behind the brain stem and just below the occipital lobe of the cerebrum; helps coordinate skeletal muscle activities

A

cerebellum

82
Q

What is the largest part of the brain, occupying the upper part of the cranial cavity and responsible for thought, memory, and interpreting sensory information

A

cerebrum

83
Q

What is high blood pressure; a condition in which the resting blood pressure is 140/90 or higher

A

hypertension

84
Q

What are intense activities lasting only short periods of time
(anaerobic or aerobic exercises)

A

anaerobic exercises

85
Q

What are activities such as brisk walking, jogging, swimming, cycling, in-line skating, and other nonstop vigorous exercises that improve the condition of the heart and lungs

A

aerobic exercise

Jadon's Flash Cards (2 decks)

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