Health Entrance Vocab Flashcards
strabismus
Eye turn; improper alignment of eyes
Leukocoria
White pupil, indicating serious ocular issues such as cancer
Hyperopia
Image focused behind retina; farsighted; cannot see objects close up
Myopia
Image is formed in front of retina; near sited; cannot see objects far away
Astigmatism
Decreased VA due to irregular shape of cornea, needs toric lenses to correct
Anisometropia
Each eye having different refractive power
Amblyopia
loss or lack of development of central vision in one eye. 3 different types
- Refractive
- Strabismic
- Deprivation
Peak wavelength of short-wavelength opsin
430 nm
Peak wavelength of middle wavelength opsin
535 nm
Peak wavelength of long-wavelength opsin
565 nm
Trichromacy
Patient has the 3 types of photopigments
Anomalous trichromat
One of three opsins has abnormal spectral functioning
Name the three types of anomalous trichromats
Protanomalous trichromat
Deuteranomalous trichromat
Tritanomalous trichromat
Protanomaly/protanomalous trichromat
L cones altered, poor red-green hue discrimination
Deuteranomaly/deuteranomalous trichromat
M cones altered; mildly affects red/green, **most common 5% males
Tritanomaly/tritanomalous trichromat
S cones altered, affects blue/yellow, rare
Are trichromats color blind?
No, not technically. They are “anomalous” (i.e. anomalous trichromat). They perceive colors differently than the norm.
Dichromat
Patient only has 2 types of photopigments functioning; 3rd is either missing or nonfunctional
Name the three types of dichromats
Protanope
Deutenarope
Tritanope
Protanope
Complete absence of L cones, severe color deficiency, unable to sense red in visual spectrum
Deutenarope
Complete absence of M cones, moderately affects red/green discrimination
Tritanope
Complete absence of s cones, very rare
Monochromacy
2 of 3 types of cones missing, total color blindness
