health education and promotion Flashcards by Jacqui Joseph

Mid 1970s CDC study revealed ___ % of premature deaths could be traced to lifestyle or health behavior. Saving lives and reducing healthcare costs needed to be achieved through ___________________. This led to what report?

48%
means other than healthcare
Led to Healthy People: Surgeon General’s Report on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention : Healthy People goals and objectives for nation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

personal vs community health

Personal – activities that affect the individual and/or immediate family members but seldom directly affect behavior of others

Community – activities aimed at protecting or improving the health of a population or community

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Social determinants of health are …….that affect a wide range of ________, ______ and ________.

conditions in the environments in which people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age.
health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

7 factors effecting health of the community

geography, environment, community size, industrial development, social and culturural factors, community organizing, individual behavior

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

factor effecting health of the community: geography

Climate influences spread of infectious disease, ability to grow food

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

factor effecting health of the community: environment

Soil, water, air quality

Human responsibility for environment

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

factor effecting health of the community: community size

Resources, spread of communicable diseases, quality of environment

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

factor effecting health of the community: industrial development

Resources

Pollution, occupational illnesses

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

factor effecting health of the community:social and cultural

Beliefs, traditions, prejudices
Economy
Politics
Religion
Social norms
SES

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

define health promotion: activities with goal to …

Activities with goal to develop human attitudes & behaviors that maintain or enhance well-being

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

define health education: any combination of planned learning experiences based on….

Any combination of planned learning experiences based on sound theories provided to individuals, groups, & communities to develop the skills needed to acquire skills & information needed to make quality health decisions (Joint Committee on Terminology, 2001)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

define disease prevention: efforts to stop…..

What is it focused on?

Involves efforts to stop the onset of a specific illness or condition, such as heart disease, diabetes, or cancer (Breslow, 1999)
Disease prevention is more focused, concentrating prevention efforts on one specific illness.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

3 things that Health Promotion/Education & Disease Prevention Programs do:

Involve proactive care, targeting programs and services to “well” individuals/communities
Include an evaluation component to ensure that programs are effective
Encourage integrated, collaborative service delivery

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

3 Benefits of disease prevention/health promotion/health education

Improved healthy lifestyles
Decreased disability
Extended healthy life expectancy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Health Education/Promotion Locations

schools, communities, worksites, healthcare sites, homes, consumer marketplace

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

delivery approaches for health education/promotion: 3 main groups

individual, group and mass

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

3 parts to delivery approach: individual

counseling, clinical consult, on-site visit

3 parts to delivery approach: group

lectures, group discussion, workshop/seminar

3 parts to delivery approach: mass

radio/TV, newspaper, printed materials

pros and cons to delivery approach: individual

Pros –
Credible source, 2-way discussion, motivational and supportive
Cons –
Time consuming, limited audience

pros and cons to delivery approach: group

Pros
Familiar, trusted
Provides motivation, support
Less expensive
Shared experiences
Reach more people
Cons
Less personal attention and specific plans
Organizational approval and planning
Can be costly and time consuming

pros and cons to delivery approach: mass

Pros
Reach large audience

Cons
Individuals need to be proactice
Can be expensive

Only __% of people engage in all 4 healthy behaviors:_______, ________, ______ and __________

not smoking, maintaining normal weight, exercise regularly, eating a healthy diet

Why integrate disease prevention and health promotion into clinical practice?

Large burden of disease caused by personal (and preventable) behaviors

Developing a Health Promotion/Prevention Program: | 4 process steps

1) Identify patients, patient needs, and community resources 2) Identify the health problem 3) Develop and implement interventions 4) Conduct ongoing evaluation

developing a program: step 1 expanded: (weeds)

Define your community of interest Gather info regarding your pt population Identify risk factors in the community Determine priority health promotion activities based on pt needs Develop an inventory of healthcare resources in your community Identify gaps in resources, services, prevention

developing a program: step 2 expanded: (weeds)

Assess the importance of the target condition or risk factor Target condition: disease or health outcome that the prevention efforts will help individuals avoid, address early, or prevent from recurring (or progressing) Risk factors – characteristics that are directly related to or more likely to lead to the target condition Demographics of your population will help assess prevalence Pinpoint your population of interest

developing a program: step 3 expanded: (weeds)

Research evidence-based prevention/health promotion interventions for your identified health problem Develop plan to integrate health promotion/disease prevention into everyday practice or plan for a community program Develop objectives for each program, with measurable outcomes Develop team for implementing program Develop care coordination strategies – who will be referred? When? How? Use evidence-based preventive guidelines

developing a program: step 4 expanded: (weeds)

Develop a process to collect and review data Develop evaluation plan while developing program Analyze data and interpret results Alter programs based on data

where to find prevention programs (weeds)

Guide to Clinical Preventive Services (US Preventive Services Task Force) Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Guide to Community Preventive Services Cochrane Collaboration Healthy People 2020

3 aims of health education

Health promotion and disease prevention Early diagnosis and management Utilization of available health services

4 specific objectives of health education

1. Increase knowledge of factors that affect health 2. Encourage behavior that promotes and maintains health 3. Encourage appropriate use of health services, especially preventive services 4. Inform public about medical advances, their uses, and their limitation

4 main principles of health education

1. Supported by latest knowledge from research 2. Systematic, comprehensive, and consistent 3. Adapted to age, gender, education, health level, mental or social problems of individual or community 4. Encourages personal investment of an individual Respects environment/culture of an individual

3 levels of prevention

primary, secondary, tertiary

level of prevention: primary

We use primary prevention methods before the person gets the disease.

level of prevention: secondary

Secondary prevention is treatment of individuals with a preclinical disease or risk factors, to prevent clinical expression of the disease.

level of prevention: tertiary

Tertiary prevention targets the person who already has symptoms of the disease, to prevent further impact from the disease.

3 preventative services (weeds)

AHRQ – Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality US Preventive Services Taskforce AHRQ Preventive Services Selector App

patient resources (weeds)

Healthy People 2020 Handouts Clinical Key > Patient Education

community resources (weeds)

community health needs assessment & 211 Virginia