Health Education Flashcards
- leading out what people already know, believe and do about their health; developing desirable behaviors that are conducive to health
- providing learning experiences to people that they may be able to define their health problems and take needed actions
Health education
Health education should be veiwed within:
- The changing contrxt of health and disease
- The changing health picture where lifestyles play important role
- W/n the accepted definitions of health
“Bridging the gap b/w health info and health practice”
President committee 1973
“Changing behaviors that are presumed to be detrimental to health, to behaviors that are conducive to present & future health”
Simmonds 1976
“Facilitating voluntary adaptations of behavior conducive to health”
Green 1980
categories of health behavior
Preventive health behavior
Illness behavior
Sick role behavior
Undertaken by healthy individual for preventing/detecting illness
Preventive health illness
Undertaken by ill indv to define state of health and to find remedy
Illness behavior
Undertaken by ill idv to get well; tx; exemption from usual resp
Sick role behavior
Major foundations of health education
Philosophical
Biomedical
Behavioral science
The science and art of helping people change their lifestyle to move towards a state of optimal
Any combi of HE, and related organizational, political, and economic intervention designed to facilitate behavioral and env changes to health
Health promotion
“Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health”
WHO 1986
Lifestyle change can be facilitated thru a combi of efforts:
- Enhance awareness
- Change behavior
- Create environments that support good health practices
Michael O’Donnell 1989
“Health promotion is the combination of educational and enviromental supports for actions and conditions of living conducive to health”
“Any combi of learning experiences designed to facilitate voluntary actions conducive to health”
Green,L & Kreuter M. 1990, 1991
Strategies of health promotion
- Build healthy public policies
- Strengthen community action
- Create supportive environment
- Develop personal skills
- Reorient health services
Principles of health promotion
- Involves the population as a whole innthe context of their everyday life
- Action is directed towards determinants or cause of health
- Combines diverse but complementary methods/approaches
- Aims particularly at effective and concrete public participation
- Primarily a societal and political venture; not a medical service
Processes in HE and HP
Learning process
Communication process
Change process
Theories of learning
Behaviorist
Cognitive
Humanist
Behaviorist theories
Pavlov’s classical conditioning
Skinner’s operant conditioning
Thorndike’s law of exercise and law of effect
Unconditioned stimulus with a stimulus
Pavlov’s classical conditioning
Certain acts are assoc w/ a reinforcement
- positive and negative stimulus
Skinner’s operant conditioning
The more freq the stimulus-response connection is used, the strogner the assoc
Thorndike’s law of exercise
Stimulus-reaction connection is strengthened when a positive feedback follows it, and it is weakened when punishment follows it
Thorndike’s law of effect
“Mental image”; reorganization, reconstruction of perceptions and events
Tolman’s cognitive mapping
