Health Beliefs, Behaviour and Adherence Flashcards
Approximately how many NZers will experience some form of mental health?
1/3 of all people
What are health behaviours
Health behaviours are reflections of our ‘health beliefs’. This can be exercising, adherence to medication, eating healthy etc
What is the theory of reasoned action?
The theory of reasoned action separates the behaviour intention and them performing the action which leaves room to see limiting factors such as intention, attitude, subjective norm
What are the 5 main health behaviour concepts? What is an acronym for remembering these.
- Cognitive dissonance
- Control
- Self-efficacy
- Catastrophising
- Social Support
3C’s two 2 S’s
Explain what cognitive dissonance is
Cognitive dissonance is where the behaviour and the self-belief does not match (eg. smoking or not exercising). It ends in us changing the belief rather than the behaviour
Control has two subcategories - what are they? Which one is unidimentional and which is multidimensional?
Locus of control (internal or external - multidimensional) and personal control - unidimensional
What is the difference between having an internal and external locus of control? Is it changeable?
Those with an internal locus of control feel that it is up to them personally for what they achieve - hard work and effort will get them where they want to go. This in turn lowers stress as they are personally responsible for the outcome and make changes to fulfill this. Having an external locus of control means that anything that is occurring is not due to them individually. Instead, things in the environment around us can be ‘blamed’ for what is going on. This can increase stress, create learned helplessness and can be developed as we age. Yes, the locus of control can be changed
What was it in the rest home example that decreased quality of life and overall lifespan in relation to control?
Personal control is about whether or not an individual feels in control of their own life. Those with personal control feel as if they have control over their own lives. These individuals experience less strain from stressors. The rest home idea showed that those that were given the ability to own a plant or move around their own furniture had an increased personal control which lead to an increase in QoL and an increase in lifespan.
What is self-efficacy? What is it important for
Self-efficacy is an individuals belief in their abilities that they can execute and manage situations. It is important for persistance and adherence as well as health changes.
How does catastrophising lead to more pain and distress in chronic pain?
Catastrophising is where the individual has an exaggerated negative response. They over-emphasise all the bad things that could result. Patients that catastrophise pre-surgery have a poorer outcome to those that don’t.
Why is social support so important? What types of social support are there?
Social support leads to a decrease in the likelihood one is to develop illness and increases recovery time too. Those that are married live longer. There are three types of social support: Informational, instrumental and emotional.
Why can being asymptotic be a bad thing in health behaviour?
Those who have an asymptomatic disease and don’t necessarily ‘feel’ the issue therefore don’t have a ‘reason’ to change their lifestyle. Those with high blood pressure or diabetes may not feel the sickness until their disease has much further progressed.
What are the 5 essential components of health change interventions?
- Problem solving/goal setting
- Disease specific information
- Lifestyle changes
- Medication
- Stress Management
What are the 5 stages of the transtheoretical model
PCPAM! Precontemplation Contemplation Planning/preparation Action Maintenance/relapse prevention
What are the central characteristics of motivational interviewing theory?
Patient centredness and to ‘roll with the resistance’. work with the patient rather than against them. It is directive to allow the pt to choose the change in the desired direction but is also created so that there is feedback and the ability to revise what has occurred.
