Health Beliefs And Models That Predict Behaviour Flashcards
What were they 3 types of health behaviour kasl and Cobb outlined in 1966
Health behaviour: aimed at prevention
Illness behaviour: seeking remedy
Sick role behaviour: aimed at getting better
What are 3 factors that predict health behaviour
Social factors Genetics Emotional factors Perceived symptoms Beliefs of patient Beliefs of health professionals
Who proposed attribution theory
Kelley (1967, 1971)
Outline attribution theory
How healthy you are depends on 4 factors of how you attribute your wellbeing to the world Internal vs external Stable vs unstable Global vs specific Controllable vs uncontrollable
Outline Bradley’s (1985) study in support of attribution theory
Bradley found that in diabetes their perceived control over their illness influenced their treatment choice. Patients with less perceived control were more likely to choose a treatment that they had as little control over as possible
Outline the health locus of control health belief and say who suggested it.
Wallston and wallston (1982) suggested health locus of control
It states that if we have an internal locus of control we believe that events are controllable by our selves and vice versa
Give at least two criticisms of health locus of control
Is it a state or a trait
Is it possible to be both internal and external
Is going to the doctor internal
People believing that their risk of contracting a disease is lower than the rest of the average population is known as
Unrealistic optimism
Weinstein 1987 proposed 4 cognitive factors that are associated with unrealistic optimism. They are…
Lack of personal experience with the problem
The belief that the problem is preventable by individual action
The belief that if the problem has not yet appeared it will not appear I. The future
The belief that the problem
Is infrequent
What is selective focus, give an example.
Selective focus is focusing on one good health behaviour that you do to cancel out a bad health behaviour that you do i.e. I might not eat healthily but at least I exercise
Ogden found that when given positive priming questions (do you choose your partners selectively) people believed their risk of contracting hiv was lower that when given negative priming questions (do you ask your partners about their sexual health). What health belief does this study support?
Unrealistic optimism
‘People are motivated to protect their self-integrity, Steele 1998 is the basis for what health belief?
Self affirmation
According to self affirmation theory people are more likely to listen to health warnings of their sense of identity is low and the haven’t self affirmed. T/F
False
People are more likely to listen to health warnings of they have self affirmed
What are the 5 perceptions in the health belief model which lead to prediction of preventative health behaviours.
Susceptibility to illness Severity of illness Costs involved in carrying out behaviour Benefits of carrying out behaviour Cues to action
Link the 5 factors from the health belief model to smoking. Susceptibility to illness The severity of the illness Cost Benefits Cues to action
My chances of getting cancer are higher Lung cancer is serious Smoking is expensive Smoking is cool Smelling like smoke/ health warnings
Which study was supported by findings that suggested perception of suspect ability predicted health behaviour related to safe sex, dental visits and exercise
The health belief model
What criticisms did Janz and Becker (1984) give of the health belief model
Low perceived severity and susceptibility are often associated with preventative/ positive health behaviour
Rodgers expanded on what theory to create the protection motivation theory
The health belief model
Due to criticism what components were added to the health belief model to create the protection motivation theory
Fear, this added and emotional component
What 3 factors do both the health belief model and the protection motivation theory not include
Social habitual and environmental factors
Situation outcome expectancies
Outcome expectancy and self efficacy expectancies are all factors of which model that predicts health behaviour
Social cognition model
Compared to protection motivation theory social cognition theory is more focused on…
Social context, how people interact with the world around them
In the theory of planned behaviour what 3 behavioural intentions predict behaviour
Attitude towards the behaviour
Subjective norm
Perceived behavioural control
Connor and sparks (2005) found that which model successfully predicted a wide number of health behaviours
Theory of planned behaviour
The theory of planned behaviour is criticised for a gap between intention and what
Behaviour
Give one positive and one negative of the subjective norm in the theory of planned behaviour
Negative: weakest predictor
Positive: adding the subjective norm increased predictive validity in studies
What does HAPA stand for
Health action process approach
What are the two stages as HAPA
Motivation stage
Action stage
What are the 3 components of the motivation stage of HAPA
Self efficacy
Outcome expectancies
Threat appraisal
What are the two components of the action stage of HAPA
Cognitive - action plans and action control
Situational- social support, situational barriers such as finance
Give the names of the 8 models that predict health behaviour
Health belief attribution theory Locus of control Unrealistic optimism Self affirmation Health belief model Protection motivation theory Theory of planned behaviour Health action process approach
