Health Behaviour Change (1, 2, 3, 4) Flashcards
1
Q
health behaviour change intervention
A
- effort times at changing what people do, which impacts their health
- negative or positive
- not necessarily to improve health
- not necessarily use health argument to influence behaviour
- individual and environmental level
2
Q
individual and environmental health behaviour change interventions
A
- programs
- services and clinics
- brief interventions
- environmental prompts
- advertisements
- technology
3
Q
5 elements of HBC interventions
A
- target population
- target behaviour
- theory
- behaviour change techniques
- format of delivery
4
Q
target population
A
- target group for behaviour change
- can be specific or broad
- there can be a priority group
5
Q
target population: the population will have…
A
- suboptimal levels of performance of the target behaviour
- benefit from behaviour change
6
Q
behaviour
A
- anything a person does in response to internal or external evens
- physical events that occur in the body and are controlled by the brain
7
Q
health behaviours
A
- any behaviours that impact on peoples physical and mental health and quality of life
8
Q
specifying behaviour
A
- can be formulated at different levels of specificity
- high, medium, or low level
- more specific behaviours are easier to measure
9
Q
measuring behaviours
A
- achieved or not, magnitude, frequency
10
Q
behaviour change includes
A
- staring something new
- stopping something
- swapping one behaviour for another
- do more/less of something
piggybacking (brushing teeth & flossing)
11
Q
what influences behaviour
A
- individual (demographics, personality, beliefs, and perceptions)
- environmental (physical and social environments, access to services)
12
Q
what is a theory
A
- set of concepts and/or statement with specification of how phenomena relate to each other, that accounts for what is known, and explains and predicts phenomena
13
Q
why use theory
A
- cumulative science argument
- prediction argument
- change argument
- “everyone uses them anyways” argument
14
Q
cumulative science argument
A
- shared language/understanding
- summarises evidence
15
Q
prediction argument
A
- allows to predict and generalize
16
Q
change argument
A
- guides design o better interventions
- guides evaluation/understanding
17
Q
“everyone uses them anyways” argument
A
- we all construct mental models
- need to be made explicit
18
Q
types of theories
A
- motivations
- stage
- dual process
19
Q
motivational theories
A
- focus on explaining motivation
- theory of planned behaviour
20
Q
stage theories
A
- explain change as a progression through a series of stages
- transtheoretical model of behaviour change
- health action process approach
21
Q
dual process theories
A
- focus on 2 different process of information processing
- reflective/impulsive, system 1/system 2
- RIM
22
Q
theory of planned behaviour
A
- behaviour is determined by a persons intention
- intention in turn is determined by 3 factors: attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control
23
Q
intention behaviour gap
A
- the gap between intended to perform the behaviour and actually performing the behaviour
24
Q
post-intentional tasks
A
- initiation of behaviour
- maintenance of behaviour
- recovery of behaviour
- termination of behaviour
25
trans theoretical model of behaviour change
- pre contemplation
- contemplation
- preparation
- action
- maintenance
- relapse OR stable improved lifestyle
26
pre contemplation
- not intending to make any changes
| - awareness, concern, confidence
27
contemplation
- considering a change
| - risk-reward analysis, decision making
28
preparation
- making small changes
| - commitment, creating an effective plan
29
action
- actively engaging in a new behaviour
| - adequate implementation of plan, revising as needed
30
maintenance
- sustaining the change over time
| - integration into lifestyle
31
health action process approach
- pre intention motivation phase and post intention violation phase
- risk perception
- outcome expectancies
- self-efficacy (belief of ability to succeed
32
self-efficacy
- action self-efficacy (initiate action)
- maintenance self-efficacy (ability to deal with barriers)
- recovery self-efficacy (ability to get back on track after being derailed)
33
action planning
- translating intentions into action
- what will I do?
- when will I act?
- where will I act?
- how will I act?
with whom?
34
coping planning
- protecting action plans against obstacles
- anticipation of barriers and obstacles
- preparation of coping strategies
- mental simulation of successful scenarios
35
two separate processes
- motivation: an intention to change is developed
| - volition: the change must be planned, initiated, and maintained, and relapses use be managed
36
RIM
- behaviour controlled by 2 distinct systems of info processing
- reflective and impulsive
37
reflective system
- requires high cognitive capacity
- distraction, high/low levels of arousal interfere with its operation
- more easily disturbed
38
impulsive system
- requires little cognitive capacity
| - may control behaviour under suboptimal conditions
39
BCT taxonomy examples
- 93 items in 16 groupings
- goal setting
- review behaviour
- action planning
- reward/punishment
- self-monitoring
40
MAP to behaviour change
- motivation development
- action on motivation
- prompted behaviour
41
motivation
- pros and cons
- comparative imaging of future outcomes
- goal setting (outcome and behaviour)
42
action
- action planning
- implementation intentions
- self-monitoring
43
prompts
- avoidance/reducing exposure to cues for the behaviour
| - prompts/cues
44
theories related to motivation
- TPB, HAPA, TTM, RIM
- motivational techniques
- provide information
- financial incentives
- pros and cons
45
theories related to action
- HAPA, TTM, RIM
- action techniques
- action planning
- feedback on performance
- prompt practice
46
theories related to prompts
- RIM
- trigger techniques
- stimulus control
- use prompts and cues
- restructure physical environment
47
pros and cons definition
- identify and compare reasons for wanting (pros) and not wanting to (cons) change the behaviour
48
comparative imagining of future outcomes definition
- prompt the imagining and comparing of future outcomes of changed versus unchanged behaviour
49
goal setting (outcome and behaviour) definition
- set a goal defined in terms of the behaviour to be achieved and set a goal defined in terms of a positive outcome of wanted behaviour
50
action planning definition
- prompt detailed planning of performance of the behaviour
| - context may be environmental or internal
51
problem solving definition
- analyze, or prompt the person to analyze, factors influencing the behaviour and generate or select strategies that include overcoming barriers and/or increasing facilitators
52
self-monitoring definition
- establish a method for the person to monitor and record their behaviour as part of a behaviour change strategy
53
what is a habit
- a process by which a stimulus generates an impulse to act as a result of a learned stimulus-response association
- 43% of our daily behaviour is habit
- 18-254 days (66 avg) to break habit
54
3 bases for habit formation
- context
- repetition
- reward
55
triggers (prompts/cues) to habits
- location
- object
- social practices
- psychological states
- emotions
- time
56
self-control
- using willpower to resist the temptation
57
habits and self-control
- people with high trait self-control seem to avoid dangerous temptations in the first place
58
avoidance/reducing exposure to cues for behaviour definition
- avoid exposure to specific social and contextual/physical cues for the behaviour
- including changing daily or weekly routines
59
prompts/cues definition
- introduce or define environmental or social stimulus with the purpose of promoting or cueing the behaviour
