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HE502 > Health and Wellness, Multichoice exam > Flashcards

Health and Wellness, Multichoice exam Flashcards

1
Q

define, young adulthood

A

ages 20-35

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2
Q

list five physical characteristics of a young adult

A
  • peak physical performance
  • formation of health habits
  • sexual experimentation
  • less illness, higher mortality
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3
Q

what is the definition of chronic illness?

A

a disease that may be permanent, leave a disability or require long term care.

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4
Q

what is the definition of well-being?

A
  • a critical component of health
  • a subjective feeling of health
  • a sense of enjoyment, of happiness and fulfilment.
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5
Q

what is the definition of illness?

A

a persons own perception and evaluation of a disease or condition

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6
Q

describe initiative vs. guilt

A

taking initiative and planning play with school friends

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7
Q

list three examples of social models of health in nz

A
  • sunsmart
  • smoking cessation
  • fluoridation
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8
Q

describe concrete operational

A

(7-11) beginning of operational thought

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9
Q

what is the definition of disability

A

the loss or elimination of opportunities for a person to live the way they would prefer to or be able to participate on an equal level with other due to physical or social barriers

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10
Q

define avoidant attachment

A

not attached to mother, not distressed in strange situations

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11
Q

what kind of intelligence increases in middle adulthood

A

crystallised

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12
Q

define equity

A

giving everyone what they need to be successful

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13
Q

describe sensory motor

A

0-2 yrs

  • use of senses, lacks object permanence, body and sensations
  • achievement of object permanence
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14
Q

define object permanence

A

the knowledge that an object continues to exists even when hidden

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15
Q

describe trust vs. mistrust

A

learning to trust mother and caregiver to gain stability

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16
Q

describe participation

A

maori involvement with GOVT strategies and health promotion

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17
Q

factors that determine heath and well-being

A
  • biology
  • lifestyle choices
  • health literacy
  • social supports
  • education and literacy
  • employment
  • social environments
  • physical environments
  • socioeconomic status
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18
Q

describe protection

A

the crown and maori co-operating to promote equitable health with both maori and non-maori

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19
Q

describe identity vs. confusion

A

trying to fit into society

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20
Q

describe te taha hinengaro

A
  • thoughts/feelings cannot be separated from body and soul

- positive self-esteem and self-confidence

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21
Q

what kind of intelligence decreased in middle adulthood

A

fluid

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22
Q

what is the motto of the NZ health strategy

A

live well, stay well, get well

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23
Q

list three advantages of the social model of health

A
  • education + promotion to prevent illness
  • GOVT support and strategies
  • encourages individuals to take responsibility
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24
Q

what are the overarching determinants of health?

A
  • social factors
  • economic factors
  • cultural factors
  • environmental factors
  • political factors
  • historical factors
  • biological factors
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25
Q

what is the definiton of wellness?

A

a state of harmony between physical, emotional, social and spiritual health of an individual and their environment

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26
Q

list three determinants of health affecting adolescents

A
  • education
  • social supports
  • health services
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27
Q

list the eight prerequisites for health in the ottawa charter

A
  • peace
  • shelter
  • education
  • food
  • income
  • stable ecosystem
  • sustainable resources
  • social justice and equity
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28
Q

how is the social model successful

A

through social production, distribution and construction of health

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29
Q

describe autonomy vs. shame

A

gaining autonomy and discovering abilities

30
Q

what does the biomedical model assume about disease

A
  • all illnesses can ultimately be explained and treated by focusing on pathological, biological and genetic factors
  • illness or disease is caused by biological forces, based on the assumption that each disease has a specific cause an that universal cause for people are theoretically possible
31
Q

list ways to build healthy public policy according to the ottawa charter

A
  • strengthen community action
  • develop personal skills
  • create a supportive environment
  • re-orientate health services
32
Q

what are social determinants of health?

A
  • conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age in
  • these circumstances are shapes by the distribution of money, power and resources at global, national and local levels.
33
Q

describe industry vs. inferiority

A

child feels need to win approval from peers and society by asserting skills

34
Q

what determinants of health concern the social model?

A

social, economic and environmental

35
Q

what is the role of the family?

A
  • acts as social determinants for normalisation , regulation and education of an individual- huge impact on socialization of the young due to time and emotional commitment
  • most likely to identify with the same party as your parents
    “ aa group of people who are important to each other and offer each other love and support, especially in times of crisis”
36
Q

define middle adulthood

A

35-65

37
Q

describe ego integrity vs. despair

A

contemplation of accomplishments

38
Q

why are accidents and injuries a leading cause of death for adolescents

A

because of poor decision making

39
Q

describe formal operational

A

11+

- ability to think about abstract concepts

40
Q

describe te taha tinana

A

physical well-being

- ensuring maori values are a part of daily bodily care and physical well-being

41
Q

describe te taha whanau

A

family well-being

  • maori kinship than a family unit
  • place where children are taught all things maori
42
Q

list two cognitive characteristics of young adults

A
  • adolescent brain function finishes

- can recognize multiple perspectives

43
Q

define operational thought

A

being able to work things out

44
Q

list three disadvantages of the social model of health

A
  • some individuals do not understand
  • changing lifestyles is a challenge
  • effectiveness is not measurable
45
Q

health literacy definition

A

the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions

46
Q

list 5 strategic themes in the NZ health strategy

A 
1- people powered
2- closer to home
3- value +high performance
4- one team
5- smart system
47
Q

describe generativity vs. stagnation

A

developing family and becoming part of the bigger picture by working and giving back

48
Q

define secure attachment

A

attached to mother, distressed in strange situations

49
Q

describe conservation

A

thinking that a glass of a different shape will have the same quantity of liquid

50
Q

what is social justice?

A

refers to the fair distribution of society’s benefits, responsibilities and their consequences

51
Q

list eriksons 8 stages

A 
0-1 : trust vs, mistrust 
2-4 : autonomy vs. shame 
4-5 : initiative vs. guilt
5-12: industry vs. inferiority 
13-19 : ego identity vs. role confusion 
20-39 : intimacy vs. isolation 
40-64 : generativity vs. stagnation
65- death : ego integrity vs. despair
52
Q

describe pre-operational

A

2-7

- able to think symbolically but difficulty with other viewpoints

53
Q

define determinant of health

A

characteristics or factors which can bring about a change in health and illness for better or worse

54
Q

define fluid intelligence

A

ability to reason abstractly and problem solve

55
Q

define equality

A

treating everyone the same

56
Q

list four physical characteristics of middle adulthood

A
  • loss of tissue mass
  • height loss, weight gain
  • hearing declines
  • menopause
57
Q

what is the WHO definition of health

A

a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

58
Q

what is the main aim of the social model of health

A

prevention

59
Q

describe intimacy vs. isolation

A

exploration of relationships and long term commitment

60
Q

list two psychosocial characteristics of middle adulthood

A
  • seeking spiritual meaning

- becoming more involved

61
Q

list piaget’s four stages

A

1: sensorimotor 0-2
2: per-operational 2-7
3: concrete operational 7-11
4: formal operational 11+

62
Q

list four aspects of te whare tapa wha

A

1: te taha wairua
2: te taha hinengaro
3: te taha tinana
4: te taha whanau

63
Q

describe te taha wairua

A

spiritual well-being

  • most important
  • spiritual connection to god and environment
64
Q

list three key developmental steps in adolescence

A
  • identity formation
  • autonomy
  • critical thinking
65
Q

define adolescence

A

period of rapid and dramatic social, emotional psychosocial and physical changes

66
Q

define crystallised intelligence

A

learned knowledge and accumulated information

67
Q

list three psychosocial characteristics of young adults

A
  • temperament (same as in childhood)
  • attachment style (same as in childhood)
  • intimacy
68
Q

what is the definition of acute illness

A

a disease with a single, rapid onset and short duration

69
Q

what precedes and comes before adolescence

A

puberty (before) and adulthood (after)

70
Q

describe partnership

A

ongoing relationship between crown and maori

71
Q

what is the definition of impairment

A

any condition or situation that contributes to loss or limitation of physical cognitive or sensory function impacting on a person’s choices for how they prefer to participate in their family community and society

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