Health And Social Care

Question 1

What is diversity

Answer 1

the different social groups that make up a community eg.race,gender

Question 2

What is equality?

Answer 2

everyone in an environment being treated according to their needs

Question 3

What are rights?

Answer 3

factors a person is entitled to eg.equal and fair treatment,confidentiality

Question 4

Different names for people who use health/social care settings

Answer 4

Service user
Client
Patient
Individual

Question 5

People’s rights

Answer 5

Control
Independence
Choice
Equal treatment
Consultation- exchange of information
Confidentiality
Protection from harm

Question 6

The Care Act

Answer 6

promoting individual well-being
preventing needs for care and support
promoting integration of care + support with health services
providing information + advice
promoting diversity and quality in provision of services
co-operating generally
co- operating in specific cases

The act sets out that now adult social care in England should be provided.
It requires local authorities to make sure that people who live in their areas, should receive services that promote their care need from becoming more severe or delay the impact of their needs
It addresses the need to empower people, to balance choice, and control for individuals against preventing harm and reducing risk and respond proportionately to safeguarding concerns
Aims to ensure Local Authorities, take primary responsibility to promote individual wellbeing through education and support services.
Local Authorities must:
>Act to protect adults at risk of harm, and abuse
> Applying a robust safeguarding system and ensuring secure accommodation and practices as well as staff who have a clear DBS
Aims to increase preventative and delaying services which support people at home and in the community as a priority as it is better for people to remain at home with support rather than be admitted or have to move into supported accommodation.
Help is in place to support those who offer care and services are monitored through the use of regulating bodies such as the Quality Care Commission.

Question 7

The Health and Social Care Act 2010

Answer 7

-Secretary of States duty to promote comprehensive health services
-the secretary of states duty as to improvement the quality of services
as to - the NHS Constitution saste, reducing inequalities, promoting autonomy research, education training, Secretary of state duty, reporting and reviving treatment of Provides
-The NHS commissioning board
-clinical commissioning groups
-The main purpose of the health care Act is to establish Legislative framework that supports collaboration and partnership -working to integrate services for patient -Among a wide range of other measures, the Act also includes targeted changes to public health, social car and the oversight of quality + safety

Question 8

The Equality Act 2010

Answer 8

the protect characteristics
-Age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage civil partnership, race, religion or belief, se, sexual orientation
-the Equality Act is a law which protects you from discrimination it means that discrimination or unfair treatment on the basis of certain personal characteristics,
is now against the law in almost all cover
-The act provides a legal frame to protect the rights individuals and advance equality for opportunity for all
-promotes the rights of equal and fair treatment
-protection from discrimination

Question 9

The Mental Capacity Act 2005

Answer 9

-The presumption of capacity
- support to make a decision
- ability to make wise decisions
- if you make a decision for someone who doesn’t have capacity it must be in their best interest
-do not treat a person as lacking the capacity to make a decision just because they make an unwise decision
-treatment and care provided to someone who lacks capacity should be the least restrictive of their basic rights and freedoms
-The MCA also allows people to express their preferences for care and treatment, and to appoint a trusted person to make a decision on their behalf should they lack capacity in the future
- promotes right to choice
-protection from abuse
-promotes independence
-builds trust

Question 10

The Children Act 2004

Answer 10

Reinforces that all people and organizations working children and protect their welfare. The main purpose is to make Britain a safer place for children.
-promotes protection from abuse
-right to consultation
-supports the assessment for SEN

Question 11

The Data Protection Act 1998

Answer 11

individuals have a right to ask whether you are processing of their personal
their personal data, for a description data, and the purpose it is held for, a
description of who (people/organizations) might see their personal data and for a copy of the Information
The act was designed to protect personal data stare on computers of organized paper filing
system
-promotes the right to confidentiality
-prevents fraud and cybercrimes
-protection of personal data
-promotes confidentiality

Question 12

Human Rights Act 1998

Answer 12

Fairness, Respect, equality
everyone in the UK is entitled children + families Hot 2014
provides the Legislative framework for child
Human Rights Act 1998 Include;
- Right to life
- Prohibition of torture
- Prohibition of slavery and forced labor
- Right to liberty and security
- Right to a fair trial
- No punishment without law
-Respect for your private and family life
- Freedom of thought, conscience and religion
- Freedom of expression
- Freedom of assembly and association
- Right to marry
- 7 Prohibition of discrimination
- Protection of property
- Right to education
- Right to free elections
-promotes the right to choice
-promotes the right to live
-promotes the protection from abuse
-Promotes fair treatment
-protects individuals from discrimination

Question 13

What is a Legislation

Answer 13

provides individuals with rights to which they are entitled through laws passed by the parliament. Legislation and code set by the government outlines how people should act or behave in situations they face.

Question 14

The care certificate 2014

Answer 14

Consists of minimum 15 standards
-Providing the same standard of care
-It is a set of standards that define knowledge, skills and behaviors.
-Health and social care professionals must demonstrate in their daily working life.
-Aim is for all care workers to have the same skills and knowledge.
-Required to be part of the induction programme for anyone new to care.
-Enables care workers to provide safe and high quality care and support

-Understand your role
-Your personal development
-Duty of care
-Equality and diversity
-Work in a person centered way
-Communication
-Privacy and dignity
-Fluids and nutrition

Awareness of mental health, dementia and learning disabilities
Safeguarding adults
Safeguarding children
Basic life support health and safety
Handling information
Infection prevention and control

Question 15

Quality assurance

Answer 15

External bodies that regulate and inspect the quality of services provided in health, social care and childcare environments

Examples include:
-Care quality commission (CQC)
-Equality Aluman Rights Commission (EHRC)
-Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted)
-Nation Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)

Question 16

What is an incident?

Answer 16

Incident-an event or situation that causes harm, damage or loss to a person, people or environment.
Examples:
-an individual’s hospital wheelchair collapses
-a support worker suffers a sharps injury
-a child is exposed to a chemical spillage

Question 17

What is an accident?

Answer 17

Accident - events that happen unexpectedly and cause injury, damage or loss.
Examples:
-an individual slipping on a wet floor and fracturing a leg
-a carer tripping over a vacuum cleaner and injuring their back
-a child cutting their finger on broken glass.

Question 18

What is the difference between an accident and an incident?

Answer 18

An accident is an event that has unintentionally happened, that results in damage, injury or harm. An incident is an event that has unintentionally happened, but this may not result in damage, harm or injury. Therefore, every accident can be an incident.

Question 19

Exposure to infections

Answer 19

Individuals in health, social care and child care settings may be more susceptible to bacterial infections such as
-gastroenteritis
-MRSA
-C. difficile
-food poisoning
-viral illnesses such as norovirus, chickenpox and influenza.
Poor environmental conditions, such as inadequate ventilation and lack of running water, can create conditions where pathogens that cause infections can thrive. Poor working practices, such as inadequate cleaning of facilities and poor personal hygiene, can also encourage the growth and spread of pathogens.

Question 20

Exposure to chemicals

Answer 20

Exposure to chemicals can occur if individuals are exposed to a hazardous substance when carrying out their day-to-day work tasks, such as when cleaning areas or sterilising equipment and aids. Hazardous substances are classified as very toxic, toxic, harmful, corrosive and irritant. Exposure to these can also occur unexpectedly if a spillage has occurred or safe practices as specified in the manufacturer’s instructions for storing, handling and disposing of these have not been followed.

Question 21

Spillages

Answer 21

Spillages of body fluids, such as blood, vomit, urine and faces, can lead to outbreaks of infections and cause diseases if they are contaminated with pathogens.
Spillages of waste and other hazardous substances also have the potential to have serious consequences for those who work, live in and visit health, social care and child care settings.

Question 22

Intruders

Answer 22

When premises are poorly maintained there may be broken doors and/or inadequate window locks which could result in intruders entering the building. Intruders may also access premises due to poor working practices that fail to ensure that only those who are authorised have access. In order to protect the privacy of both electronic and paper-based information and records, guarding against intruders is essential. Intruders not only cause damage and loss but can also be the source of emotional upset and harm for those whose safety has been threatened.

Question 23

Aggressive and dangerous encounters

Answer 23

Accidents can also result from aggressive and dangerous encounters, such as a bruised eye from an individual hitting out, a fall down the stairs by an individual who has abused alcohol or a bite to the arm from an aggressive individual who has abused drugs.

Question 24

Fire

Answer 24

Fires can have devastating consequences for everyone. Fire safety in health, social care and child care settings includes knowing how to prevent fires from starting and spreading and is everyone’s responsibility. Fires will only start if these components are present: oxygen (present in the air), fuel (solid, liquid or gas items that can burn) and heat (for example from heaters or a cigarette).

Question 25

Floods

Answer 25

Floods in premises are usually caused by water escaping from an item inside the premises, such as a washing machine, bath, toilet, water tank or pipes. This can be due to the failure to carry out routine maintenance checks. This has the potential to cause long-term damage to the premises as well as raise the risk of the spread of diseases that can be carried in water.

Question 26

Loss of water supply

Answer 26

A loss of water supply could indicate that there is a burst pipe somewhere in the premises or that there may be a leak in the mains system; again most commonly due to a failure of routine maintenance checks. This can have an impact on key care and support activities that involve cleaning, washing, cooking and drinking.

Question 27

Other critical incidents

Answer 27

A faulty light switch or electrical appliance may cause the electricity to cut out; sometimes emergency power cuts also occur in the local area. A gas leak from faulty appliances and pipework can also lead to fires and explosions. A bomb threat should always be taken seriously.

Question 28

Reporting of accidents

Answer 28

It is a legal requirement that records are kept of all accidents and incidents, including when an individual has refused treatment. The following information must also be recorded:
• the name of the person injured or taken ill
• the date, time and place of the accident/incident
• the details of the injury/illness
• the treatment given, including what happened to the injured/ill person afterwards.
All records must also be signed.

Question 29

Evacuation procedures

Answer 29

Evacuation procedures and escape routes for emergencies such as fires, bomb scares and gas leaks will vary for different health, social care and child care settings; this is why it is important to familiarise yourself with these. Evacuation routes must be kept clear at all times, well lit and signposted where possible.
Below are some of the key actions to take when following evacuation procedures in the event of a fire, in the acronym ACT FAST.

Question 30

ACT FAST

Answer 30

• Act fast, do not panic, sound the fire alarm.
• Control and contain the fire only if you have been trained to do so and it is safe.
• Telephone the fire brigade and provide them with details about you, your location and the fire.
• Follow your emergency procedure to ensure the safety of everyone.
• Assist in ensuring everyone is in a place of safety. either inside or outside the building.
• Support others to ensure that no one stops or returns for personal belongings.
• Try to remain calm and wait until the fire brigade informs you that it is safe to re-enter the building.

Question 31

Follow up review of critical incidents and emergencies

Answer 31

Critical incidents and emergencies that cause death or serious injury usually occur suddenly and unexpectedly.
Casualties, witnesses and those who respond to these will all be affected and so counselling and support services must be offered to everyone involved and their health and welfare monitored by employers on an ongoing basis as effects can be long lasting. Implementing actions and recommendations from the findings of reviews will also form part of the follow-up review process.

Question 32

Report to relevant authorities

Answer 32

Depending on the nature of the incident or emergency, external agencies such as the Police, Fire and Social Services may also be involved in the reporting stage.
Employers have a responsibility to report suspected outbreaks of infection, changes in resistance to antibiotics and occurrences of notifiable diseases to the local health protection unit (HPU). The Reporting of Incidents, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences (Amendment) Regulations (RIDDOR) 2013 require that certain work-related injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences are reported to the HSE or local authority.

Question 33

Responsibilities of first aiders

Answer 33

A trained and qualified first aider has many important responsibilities that include the 3 Ps.
• Preserving life by carrying out emergency first aid procedures that do not place anyone in any danger - this is why the first step should always be to assess for danger.
• Preventing deterioration by preventing further harm to the casualty or their condition worsening, e.g. by not moving the casualty’s limb if it appears broken and by making the area safe from any further danger. for example by not allowing other people to enter into the area and by maintaining the casualty’s respect and dignity such as by covering them with a blanket.
• Promoting recovery by getting medical help quickly.
Staying with the individual until help arrives can be reassuring for the individual and can enable an effective handover of their condition to take place.

Question 34

DR’S ABC

Answer 34

It is also used by first aiders to help them to remember what to do when they come across an accident or sudden illness
•Danger checks - look around you and check for any risks or signs of danger.
a process that involves removing all pathogens that cause infections.
• Response assessment - assess all casualties and check whether or not they are conscious.
• Shout for help - call an ambulance or get someone else to do this for you, and ask them to come back and tell you when this is done.
• Airway checks - check that the casualty’s airway is open and not blocked. Check that help is on its way.
• Breathing checks - check whether the casualty is breathing normally. If they are, place them in the recovery position. If the casualty is not breathing. start CPR only if you have been trained to do so.
Check that help is on its way.
• Circulation checks - continue to monitor the casualty.
Check that help is on its way.

Question 35

Pathogens

Answer 35

infective agents, commonly known as germs’ that can cause infections and diseases.

Question 36

Hazardous substances

Answer 36

a substance that can be harmful to your health if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through your skin.

Question 37

Sterilising

Answer 37

a process that involves removing all pathogens that cause infections.