Health and Safety/ Transmission of disease *Not done*

Question 1

What does clean mean?

Answer 1

Free from dirt, marks and stains

Question 2

What does disinfection mean?

Answer 2

Removal of most microorganisms but does not necessarily destroy spores

Question 3

What is a disinfectant?

Answer 3

A chemical agent that destroys microorganisms

Question 4

What is a micro-organism?

Answer 4

Living organism too small to be seen with the naked eye

Question 5

What is aseptic?

Answer 5

Anti microbial agent that destroys pathogens without damaging animal cells

Question 6

What is a disinfectant?

Answer 6

Anti microbial agent that destroys pathogens but not bacterial spores

Question 7

What is endemic?

Answer 7

Disease present at normal level in a country

Question 8

What is epidemic?

Answer 8

Pronounced increase in specific area (Foot and Mouth 2001UK)

Question 9

What is disinfected?

Answer 9

Equipment, surfaces and floors

Question 10

What is asepsis?

Answer 10

Environment that is free of harmful microorganisms

Question 11

What is antiseptic?

Answer 11

An agent, safe for tissue, that destroys or inhibits microorganisms

Question 12

What is aseptic technique?

Answer 12

Refers to a procedure used to prevent the spread of infection

Question 13

What is aseptically prepared?

Answer 13

Surgeons hands and surgical site

Question 14

What does sterile mean?

Answer 14

Free from bacteria or other living microorganisms; totally clean “a sterile need and syringes”

Question 15

What is sterilisation?

Answer 15

Sterilisation is the complete destruction and elimination of living micro organisms. (No such thing as ‘almost sterile’
Disinfectants do NOT provide sterility

Question 16

What is sterilisation?

Answer 16

Method of killing microogranisms

Question 17

What are the types of sterilisation?

Answer 17

Cold Chemical sterilisation
Ethylene Oxide gas
Heat and pressure - autoclave

Question 18

What is an autoclave?

Answer 18

A machine that can withstand high temperatures used for sterilisation

Question 19

What items are put in a autoclave?

Answer 19

All gowns, gloves, instruments and drapes

Question 20

What are the principles of infection?

Answer 20

Infection
Disease
Transmissibility
Infectivity

Question 21

What does transmissibility mean?

Answer 21

The ability to pass from one host to the other, determined by the ability of the pathogen to survive outside the body

Question 22

What does Infectivity mean?

Answer 22

The ability to penetrate host defences

Question 23

What is the incubation period?

Answer 23

The time interval between exposure to the causative pathogen and the first clinical sings appearing

Question 24

What is a disease?

Answer 24

“A condition of the living animal or one of its part that impairs normal functioning and is typically manifested by distinguishing signs and symptoms”

Question 25

What is an Infection?

Answer 25

Colonization of a host by a foreign micro- organism

Question 26

What are pathogens?

Answer 26

Infectious agents that cause harm

Question 27

If something is viral what is it?

Answer 27

An infective agent that is not used in the environment

Question 28

What do viruses do in the body?

Answer 28

Corrupts
Replicates
Needs a living cell (host)
Mutate
Change which makes it difficult to treat

Question 29

When can bacterial disease occur?

Answer 29

When the immune system is weakened

Question 30

What happens when an animal is infected with a bacterial disease?

Answer 30

The bacteria replicates and spreads

Question 31

What are common sources of bacterial infestation?

Answer 31

Contaminated water, food or faeces

Question 32

What are fungi?

Answer 32

Parasitic, spore-producing organisms

Question 33

How do fungi get their nourishment?

Answer 33

Absorbing from the host

Question 34

In which animals can a fungal infection occur?

Answer 34

Healthy and immunocompromised

Question 35

Fungal diseases are more common after…

Answer 35

Prolonged use of antimicrobials or immunosuppressive