Health And Safety Management Systems - Organising Flashcards
Directors and board members must ensure that
- Health and safety of employees and other such as member of public, is protected.
- Risk management includes health and safety risks and becomes a key business risk in board decisions
- Health and safety duties imposed by legalisation are followed
Management of health and safety at Board Levels involves
- Planning the direction of health and safety
- Delivering the plan for health and safety
- Monitoring health and safety performance
- Reviewing health and safety performance
Managing directors and chief executives are responsible for
- The health and safety performance within the organisation
- Ensuring that adequate resources are avaliable for the health and safety requirements within the organisation
- The eestablishment, implementation and maintainance, of a health and safety requirements within the organisation
- The approval, introduction, and monitoring of all site health and safety policies, rules, and procedures
- The review and possible revision annually of the effectiveness of the health and safety programme
Departmental managers are responsible for
- the health and safety performance of their department
- must ensure that any machinery. Equipment, or vechiles used within the department are maintained, correctly guarded and meet agreed health and safety standards. Copies of records of all maintenance, statutory and insurance inspections must be kept by the departmental manager
- develop a training plan that includes specific job instructions for new or transferred employees and follow up on the training by supervisors. Copies of all training must be kept by the departmental manager
- personally investigate all lost workday cases and dangerous occurances and report to their line manager. Progress any required corrective action
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Responsibility of Supervisors
- are responsible and accountable for their teams health and safety performance
- enforce all safe systems of work procedures that have been issued by the departmental manager
- instruct employees in relevant health and safety rules, make records of the instructions and enforce all health and safety rules an procedures
- enforce personal protection equipment requirements, check that it is being used and periodically appraise conditional of equipment
- record any infringements of the personal protective equipment policy
Health and Safety Adviser must
- Be competent following the attainment of a health and safety qualification and training
- Report directly to senior management on policy matters.
- Keep up to date with technological advances and legalisative changes
- Advise on the establishment of health and safety. Maintainance and accident investigation procedures
- Provide liason with external agencies, such as HSE, fire authorities, contractors, insurance companies and the public
Concept of health and safety culture
The safety culture of an organisation is the product of individual and group values, attitudes, perceptions, competencies, and patterns of behaviour that determine the commitment to, and the style and proficiency of, an organisations health and safety
Features of a good health and safety culture
- Leadership and commitment to health and safety at all levels.
- Acceptance that high standards are acheiveable
- Mutual trust throughout the organisation
- Detailed risk assessments and control and monitoring procedures
- H&s policy including code and practice and rquried health and safety standards
- training, communication and consultation systems
- Encouragement to the workforce to report potential hazards
- H&s monitoring system
- Prompt accident investigation and implementation of remedial actions
Indicators of a health and safety culture
- Accident/incident rates
- Sickness and absentee rates
- Resources available for h&s
- Level of legal and other compliance
- Turnover rates for employees
- Level of complaints
- Selection and management of contractors
- Levels and effectiveness of communication and supervision
- Health and safety management structure
- Level of insurance premiums
How many near misses = 1 accident
1 in 10
How many accidents are due to human error
90%
How many accidents are due to poor management
70%
What are human factors affected by
- Organisation
- Job
- personal factors
Organisation (human factors)
- Must have a positive h&s culture
- Manage h&s by providing leadership and involvement of senior managers.
- Motivate the workforce and improve health and safety performance.
4 measure health and safety improvement
Job (human factors)
- Recognise possibility of human factors
- Good ergonomics, equipment design, and layout of workstation
- Clear job descriptions
- Safe systems of work and operating procedures
- job rotation and regular breaks
- Provision of correct tools
- effective training schedule and good communication
Personal Factors (Human Factors)
Three common psychological factors
- Attitude - tenancy to behave in a particular way in a given situation, influenced by social background and peer pressure
- Motivation - the driving force behind the way a person acts or is stimulated to act
- Perception - the way in which a person believes or understands information supplied or a situation
Other personal factors (human factors)
- Self interest I. E. Bonus
- Position in the team
- acknowledgment by management of good work initiatives
- Hearing and or memory loss
- Exoiernece and competency
- Age, personality, language problems
- Training undertaken
- Effect of shift working
- Health physical and mental
Human errors icn
- Slips - failure to carry out a task
- Lapses - failure to carry out particular actions that form part of a working procedure
- Mistakes are:.
3.1 rule based - a rule or procedure is applied or remembered incorrectly
3 2 knowledge-based well tried methods or calculation rules applied correctly
Violations may be
- Routine - breaking a safety rule
- Situational - job pressures at a particular time make rule compliance diffucult
- Exceptional - a safety rule is broken to perform a new task
Methods of improving health and safety behaviour at work
1.Development of a positive culture
2. Consultation of employee s.
3. Safety committees
4 types of health and safety training
Development of a positive health and safety culture
- Commitment of management is the most important factor
- The promotion of health and safety standards
- Competence of the workforce Inc h&s
What comprises : commitment of management
- Proactive management
2 promotion by example I. E. Wearing PPE
What comprises: promotion of h&s standards
- Selection and design of premises
- Selection of design of plant, processes and substances
- Recruitment of employees and contractors
- Risk assessment and control implementation.
- Competence, maintainance, and supervision
- Emergency planning and training
- Transportation of the product and its subsequent maintance and servicing
What comprises of - competence in the workforce Inc h&s
- Knowledge and understanding of the work/job
- Capacity to apply knowledge to the particular task
- Awareness of one limitations
Types of communication
Verbal
Written
Graphic
Use of notice boards
The approved poster entitled health and safety law - what you should know must be displayed on a notice board or approved leaflet distributed.
Could also display:
1. A copy of the Employers liability insurance certificate
2. Details of first aid arrangements
3. Emergency evacuation and fire procedures
4. Minutes of the last health and safety Committee meeting
5. Details of health and safety targets and performance against them
6. Details of health and safety targets and performance against them
Health and safety posters and campaign details
Barriers to effective communication
- Language and dialect
- Acronyms and jargon
- Various physical and mental disabilities
- Attitudes and perceptions of workers and supervisors
Types of accident propaganda
Statistics
Films, dvd, and posters
Targets
Records
For safety propaganda to be effective it must be
- Simple understandable message
- Positive and believe able
- an appealing format that will motivate the reader
Safety representatives from a recognised trade union have the following rights:
- To investigates accident d dangerous occurances
- Investigate health and safety complaints
- To undertake workplace inspections
- To receive information from health and safety inspectors
- to receive information from health and safety inspectors
- to attend health and safety committee meetings
- to have access to suitable facilities to perform their function
- Allowed time off with pay for health and safety training
If two or more representatives request in writing for a health and safety committee to be set up, then the employer must comply within
3 months
Safety Committees, terms of reference should include:
- The study of accident and notifiable disease statistics to enable reports to be made of recommended remedial actions
- The examination of health and safety audits and statutory inspection reports
- The review of new legalisation, approved codes of practice and guidance and their effect on the organisation
- The monitoring and review of health and safety training and instruction activities in the organisation…
- The monitoring and review of health and safety publicity and comminucarion throughout the organisation
- The development of safe systems of work and safety procedures
- Reviewing risk assessments…
- Considering report from safety representatives..
- Continuous monitoring of arrangments for health and safety and revising them wherever necessary
ROES
Representatives of employee safety
Roes was established under
The consultation with employees regulations
Roes have the following functions
- Inform the employer of health and safety concerns of the workforce
- Inform the employer of potential hazards and dangerous occurances in the workplace
- Inform the employer of any general matters that affect the health and safety of the workplace
- Speak on behalf of the workplace to health and safety inspectors
Employer must consult on
- New processes or equipment or changes in then
- The appointment arrangements for a health and safety competent person
3 the results of a risk assessment - The introduction of new technology
- The arrangement for the management of health and safety training
Type of information employer do not need to disclose
- Violates a legal prohibiton
- Endangers national security
- Relates to a specific indivuals
- Could harm the company comerially
- Was obtai through legal proceedings
Types of health and safety training
- Induction
- Job specific
- Supervisory or management.
- Specialist
Refresher or reinforcement
Internal influences on health and safety culture
1.Management commitment 2 Product/service demands 3 Communication 4 Competence 5 Employee representation
External influences on health and safety culture
- Expectations of society
- Legalisation and enforcement
- Insurance companies
- Trade unions
- State of the economy
- Commercial stakeholders
Emergencies exanole
Fire
Explosions or bomb scares
Escape of toxic gases
Major accident
Typical elements of emergency procedures
1.fire notices and fire procedures
1. Fire drills and evac.
3.assenbly and roll call
4. Arrangements for contacting emergency services.
5. Internal emergency organisation Inc control of
spillages and cleanup arrangements
6. Media and publicity arrangements
7. Business continuity arrangements
Main functions of first aid treatment
- Preservation of life and/or minimisation of the consequences of serious injury until medical help is avaliable
- Treatment of minor injuries not needing medical attension
Main first aid requirements
- qualified first aiders
- adequate facilities and equipment to administer first aid
- An assessment of required first aid cover and requirements
- An appointed person avaliable to assist first aiders
Basics first aid provision depends on
- Number of workers
- The hazards and risks in the workplace
- Accident record and types of injuries
- Proximity to emergency medical services
- Working patterns (shift work)
First aider first aid training depends o
Level of risk
Low risk = what first aid course
6hr emergency first aid at work course
Higher risk = what first aid course
18hr first aid at work course
How often do you repeat a first aid course
Once every 3 years
