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Health And Safety > Health And Safety final > Flashcards

Health And Safety final Flashcards

0
Q

What are today’s main cause of death

A

Lifestyle diseases

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1
Q

What were the leading causes of death in the 1800s and 1900s?

A

Infectious diseases

Ex: teberculosis & influenza

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2
Q

What are lifestyle diseases?

A

Are the diseases caused partly by the unhealthy behaviors and persona choices

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3
Q

What are some of today’s lifestyles diseases?

A

Diabetes heart disease and cancer

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4
Q

What is a risk factor?

A

Anything that increases the likely hood of injury disease or other health problems

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5
Q

What is it controllable risk factor?

A

A factor that you can do something about

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6
Q

What are some examples of controllable risk factors?

A

Heart disease types of cancer and diabetes

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7
Q

Is an uncontrollable risk factor?

A

Are risk factors that cannot be changed

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8
Q

Are some examples of uncontrollable risk factors?

A

Age race gender and heredity

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9
Q

Are the leading causes of death for teenagers?

A

Vehicle accidents homicide & other accidents

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10
Q

Are the leading cause of death for ages 19 to 65?

A

Heart disease, cancer, and stroke

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11
Q

What is a sedentary lifestyle?

A

Being sedentary means not taking part in physical activity on a regular basis

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12
Q

What are the six components of health?

A

Physical health,emotional health, social health, mental health, spiritual health, and environmental health

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13
Q

What is the definition of physical wellness?

A

Eating right, exercise, and free of disease

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14
Q

Is emotional health?

A

Expressing your emotions in a positive and in a non-destructive way

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15
Q

Is social health?

A

Respects others and has supportive relationships

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16
Q

What is spiritual health?

A

Maintaining harmonious relationships with other living things and having spiritual direction and purpose

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17
Q

What is environmental health?

A

Keeping your air and water clean, your food safe, in the land around You enjoyable and safe

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18
Q

What is wellness?

A

The achievements of a person’s best in the six components of health

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19
Q

What should your decision-making be based on?

A

Should be based on your value system

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20
Q

What’s our values?

A

They are your core beliefs about what is right, worthy, good, moral

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21
Q

What are the two types of pressure?

A

Direct and indirect

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22
Q

Is direct pressure?

A

Someonewho’s convincing you to do something you don’t normally do

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23
Q

What is indirect pressure?

A

Being swayed by outside sources

Example: Tv& celebrities

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24
Q

What happens when you have no values?

A

You stand for everything and yet nothing

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25
Q

What are some refusal skills?

A

blame someone else, give a reason, ignore the request or pressure, leave the situation, say no and mean it say now keep saying it, make a joke out of it, make an excuse, suggest something else to do, change the subject, or team up with someone else

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26
Q

Examples of high self-esteem?

A

Speak up for yourself, respect self and others, has confidence, tries new things, feels valuable to society, adjusts to change, feels optimistic, and makes decisions based on values

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27
Q

Examples of low self-esteem

A

Feels insecure, disrespects self and others, vulnerable to peer pressure, does it feel valuable, feels depressed, fears failure, uses drugs and alcohol, feels pessimistic, and behaves destructively

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28
Q

What are some examples of communication?

A

Passive, aggressive, assertive, and empathy

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29
Q

Does passive communication mean?

A

Does not offer opposition when challenged or pressured

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30
Q

What does aggressive communication?

A

To be hostile and unfriendly In a way one expresses oneself

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31
Q

What does assertive communication mean?

A

Third and most healthy communication style

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32
Q

What does empathy mean?

A

Ability to understand another person’s feelings, behaviors, and attitudes

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33
Q

What is mental health?

A

Able to cope with the demands of daily life

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34
Q

What is the defense mechanism?

A

Behaviors used to avoid unpleasant emotions

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35
Q

What is stress?

A

The bodies and minds response to a demand

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36
Q

What is a stressor?

A

Any situation that puts a demand on the body or mind

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37
Q

What is the fight or flight response?

A

Your body provides you with energy reflexes and strength you may need to respond to the stressor

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38
Q

Are some responses to stress?

A

Release epinephrine, heart beats faster, eyes widen, breathing speeds up, muscles tense up, sweating increases, and blood pressure increases

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39
Q

What is eustress?

A

It will make you feel alert and lively

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40
Q

What is distress?

A

Make a person sick or keep a person from reaching their goals

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41
Q

What are some warning signs of suicide?

A

Recent loss, changes in behavior, changes in performances, gives away any possessions, preoccupation with death, changes in eating and sleeping behaviors, reckless behavior, moody irritable, and substance abuse

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42
Q

Are some things to do with a suicidal person?

A

Trust your suspicions, talk directly to a suicidal person, let the person talk be a good listener, don’t moralize preach debate or lecture a suicidal person, suggest a specific counselor or clinic and offer to make an appointment or offer to go with

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43
Q

What is nutrition?

A

The science or study of food in the ways in which the body uses food

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44
Q

Are the six classes of nutrients?

A

Arbeau hydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water

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45
Q

What happens when too much fat, carbohydrates, or protein is taken into the body?

A

Extra energy is stored as body fat

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46
Q

What is metabolism?

A

The sum of chemical processes that take place in your body to keep you alive and active

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47
Q

What is the energy in your food measured in?

A

Alary’s

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48
Q

How much carbohydrates do you need in your diet?

A

45 to 65%

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49
Q

What are the two simple sugars?

A

Glucose and double sugars

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50
Q

What is glucose?

A

It is what runs through your blood

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51
Q

What are some examples of double sugars?

A

Table sugar, fructose, and lactose

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52
Q

Do empty calories have nutrients?

A

No

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53
Q

What are some examples of complex sugars?

A

Potatoes legumes rice and corn

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54
Q

What is glycogen?

A

Chains of glucose

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55
Q

What is fiber?

A

A complex carb

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56
Q

What is a soluble fiber?

A

Dissolves in water

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57
Q

Is insoluble fiber?

A

Not dissolve

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58
Q

What do saturated fat become at room temperature?

A

It becomes a solid

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59
Q

What Are unsaturated fat’s?

A

Comes from plans and is liquid at room temperature

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60
Q

What are complete proteins?

A

Animal products contain all the essential amino acids

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61
Q

What Are incomplete proteins?

A

Most plant proteins do not have all the essential amino acids therefore they are incomplete

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62
Q

What is nutrient deficiency?

A

Of not having enough of a nutrient

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63
Q

No more than how much sodium the day?

A

2400 MG/day

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64
Q

Much calcium do you need today?

A

1300 MG/day

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65
Q

Much water do you need a day?

A

Eight glasses

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66
Q

What is RDA?

A

The recommended dietary allowances

67
Q

What is UL?

A

Upper intake levels: the largest amount of a nutrient you can take without risking Toxicity

68
Q

What is DV?

A

Daily values: recommended daily amount of a nutrient that are used on food labels to help people see how if it fits into their diet

69
Q

No more then how many calories a day?

A

2 thousand calories

70
Q

How many calories is 1 g of fat?

A

9 Calories

71
Q

How many calories is 1 g of protein or carbs?

A

4 calories

72
Q

Why is breakfast important?

A

It’s the kickstart to your metabolism

73
Q

What is BMR?

A

Basal metabolism rate

74
Q

What is energy balance?

A

And them out of food energy you take in is equal to the amount of energy you use

75
Q

Over _____ Americans over 15 use alcohol

A

120,000,000

76
Q

___% of adults over 15

A

70

77
Q

There are approximately___million in the US

A

17,000,000

78
Q

4,500,000 of these are under the age are ___

A

21

79
Q

On Friday and Saturday nights ____ drivers are legally drunk

A

1/10

80
Q

Alcohol is the major cause of ___-___% of all auto crashes in the US

A

45-50

81
Q

What is fermentation?

A

produced alcohol

82
Q

What cells convert sugar into alcohol?

A

Yeast

83
Q

Alcohol increases the secretion of_________, and in turn it increases_______

A

Digestive juices, appetite

84
Q

What does alcohol act as?

A

A depressant

85
Q

Alcohol causes blood vessels to______, making a person feel warm

A

Dilate

86
Q

How many seconds is alcohol carried into the brain?

A

7 seconds

87
Q

What affects the speed of absorption?

A

Bodyweight, body fat, how fast you drink alcohol, amount in kinds of food you eat, experience of drinking, and carbonation

88
Q

As alcohol circulates through your body it must be________

A

oxidized

89
Q

What does oxidized mean?

A

Used up or gotten rid of

90
Q

Oxidation occurs when____changes alcohol into water and carbon dioxide

A

Liver

91
Q

Your body can only oxidize a limited amount of alcohol at one time: _____

A

1/2 ounce per hour

92
Q

What Happens when intoxication occurs?

A

Loss of control and coordination, speech becomes slurred, and blurred or double vision

93
Q

______ like love hate fear and anger become ______ and behavior because _________

A

Emotions, exaggerated, unrestrained

94
Q

As the amount of unoxidized alcohol in the bloodstream increases: ________________________________

A

Total loss of control and vomiting occurs

95
Q

alcohol affects the part of the brain, which controls breathing, swallowing, and the beating of the heart= the __________________

A

Madula oblongata

96
Q

A. .10=_____
B. .20=_____
C. .40=_____
D. .50=_____

A 
A= intoxicated 
B= really drunk 
C= unconscious, alcohol poisoning 
D= coma or death
97
Q

What is a hangover?

A

Left over unoxidized alcohol in the brain tissue

98
Q

what do hangovers cause?

A

severe headaches vomiting and depression

99
Q

What are some long-term effects of alcohol abuse?

A

Hepatitis(blood disorder)
Cirrhosis(eats away the liver)
Ulcers(creates holes in the stomach lining)
Mal nutrition(disrupts ability to digest food)

100
Q

Alcohol in the brain destroys brain cells, and brain cells do not _______________

A

Come back or reproduce

101
Q

Getting drunk kills approximately ______ million brain cells

A

2

102
Q

There is no_____ for alcohol, but can be ______

A

Cure, controlled

103
Q

It only takes ___ drink for an alcoholic to become addicted again

A

1

104
Q

____ of drinkers will become an alcoholic

A

1/18

105
Q

Three out of every four drinkers are____

A

Male

106
Q

Alcoholics find they cannot______________

A

Function without alcohol

107
Q

What is the meaning of tolerance when I’m coming in terms of drinking alcohol?

A

Your body needs more Alcohol to produce the same effect

108
Q

What is wet brain?

A

Condition in which the person has permanent brain damage from alcohol and may need to be institutionalized and might even die from it

109
Q

A true alcoholic drinks without any______

A

Control

110
Q

What are some physical signs of alcoholism?

A

Tremors, hallucinations, blackouts, diseases, and delirium tremors

111
Q

Less than___% of alcoholics are able to stop drinking

A

20

112
Q

America has___% of the worlds population but consumes____% of the worlds drugs

A

5, 50

113
Q

Drugs are usually classified according to their_____or_____

A

Action or effect

114
Q

We look at drugs as _____ or ______

A

Stimulants, depressants

115
Q

Stimulants temporarily_____ the body’s functions or nervous activity

A

Increases

116
Q

When on drugs the pupil_____

A

Dilates

117
Q

Depressants _____ down the Body’s functions

A

Slow

118
Q

What is an addiction?

A

When your body requires increased dosage regularly to keep from going through a withdrawal

119
Q

What is a withdrawal?

A

After your body adjusts to a substance and forced to do without it your body reacts with withdrawal symptoms that are extremely painful and serious and may cause death

120
Q

What does meaningless mean?

A

People who abuse drugs lose the ability to see what is really important, as they become unhappy with who they are, or where they are

121
Q

How many eggs does each ovary contain?

A

Quarter of 1 million

122
Q

What is ovulation?

A

When the egg is released from the ovary

123
Q

What structure enables the egg to be trapped and begin making its way through the fallopian tube?

A

The Fambraie

124
Q

What substance controls a woman and mans reproductive ability?

A

hormones

125
Q

What structure stores sperm?

A

Epididymis

126
Q

What substances are contained in semen?

A

Sperm seminal vesicles fluids prostate lubricating fluid

127
Q

What is the name for the protective pouch for the testicles?

A

scrotum

128
Q

What temperature or sperm best produced?

A

Normal body temperature

129
Q

What happens to sperm if they are not ejaculated?

A

Die

130
Q

Where is the genetic material on the sperm located?

A

Head of sperm

131
Q

When you check the scene of an emergency what do you check for?

A

Victims and their conditions, life-threatening conditions =breathing consciousness and bleeding

132
Q

When you help for an emergency how do u check the person? (Adult)

A

Head to toe check

133
Q

When you call 911 what information do you give out?

A

Number of victims

134
Q

Do you ever hang up the phone on 911?

A

Never, not until they tell you to hang up

135
Q

Can you help with any boundaries you are not permitted to?

A

No

136
Q

If the person is unconscious what do you do?

A

Check the scene for safety, tap and shout are you okay, tilt head

137
Q

When you tilt the head what do u do?

A

Look listen and feel for 10 seconds. If not breathing give 2 rescue breaths

138
Q

What do you tell a conscious choking adult?

A

You tell them to keep coughing

139
Q

If they are actually choking what do you do?

A

Call 911, give five back blows and continue until object is out or they are passed out

140
Q

If an infant is choking what do you do?

A

You give five back blows and then five chest thrusts with two fingers

141
Q

Four in unconscious choking adult what do you do?

A

If breaths don’t go in, read tilt the head and try breaths again, it’s no air = 30 chest compressions, and open mouth and look and sweep out anything you see

142
Q

For an infant who is unconscious and choking what do you do?

A

Two fingers for chest compressions

143
Q

For a bleeding emergency what do you do?

A

Call 911, apply clean dressing, apply direct pressure, cover dressing with bandage, and if bleeding continues apply more dressing on top

144
Q

What is an infectious disease?

A

Any disease that is caused by an agent that has invaded the body

145
Q

What is a pathogen

A

Any agent that causes disease

146
Q

What is bacteria

A

Or tiny single celled organisms some of which can cause disease

147
Q

What is a virus

A

Tiny disease causing particles made up of genetic material and a protein coat

148
Q

What is fungi

A

Organisms that absorb and use the nutrients of living or dead organisms

149
Q

How can an infectious disease be spreadEd

A

It can be past person to person from food or water from animals or from something in the environment

150
Q

Are some examples of infectious diseases

A

Colds the flu head lice and tuberculosis

151
Q

What are Protozoans

A

Single celled microscopic organisms

152
Q

what are parasites

A

Head lice tapeworms and certain roundworms

153
Q

What’s an example of a infectious disease person-to-person spread

A

Sneeze or cough

154
Q

How are infectious disease is treated

A

By antibiotics

155
Q

What is antibiotic resistance

A

Condition in which bacteria can no longer be killed by a particular antibiotic

156
Q

How does your body fight disease

A

Your body uses your skin in chemicals to fight pathogens

157
Q

What are some physical barriers that help you to not get sick

A

Skin, mucous membranes, and chemicals

158
Q

What is inflammation

A

Reaction to injury or infection that is characterized by pain redness and swelling

159
Q

What is a lymphatic system

A

Network of vessels that carry a clear liquid

160
Q

Are white blood cells

A

Cells in the blood his primary job is to defend the body against disease

161
Q

What are vaccines

A

Substances usually prepared from killed or we can pathogens or from genetic material in that is introduced into a body to produce immunity

162
Q

What is binge drinking

A

5 drinks in an hour

163
Q

What is another word for lack of sleep

A

Sleep deprivation

164
Q

What are some things that can happen if you are sleep deprived

A

U can become stressed, increased risk for getting sick, increased risk for getting into an accident

165
Q

How many hours of sleep do teens need

A

9 hrs and 15 min

166
Q

What is the circadian rhythm

A

The body’s internal system for regulating sleeping and waking patterns

Health And Safety (1 decks)

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