Health and Medicine During The 19th Century (1800 - 1900) Flashcards
Who was Louis Pasteur? Why was he important to the development of health and medicine during the 19th Century?
He came up with Germ Theory that was the idea that germs cause human disease
His experiments were to prove that germs make milk go bad
What was Germ Theory? When was it discovered?
Germ Theory that was the idea that germs cause human disease
1861
Who was Robert Koch? Why was he important to the development of health and medicine during the 19th Century?
Developed on Pasteur’s idea
He identified the specific bacteria that caused particular disease such Cholera, Tuberculosis, Typhoid and others
Who was Paul Ehrlich? Why was he important to the development of health and medicine during the 19th Century?
- Him and his team developed a ‘Magic Bullet’ known as Salvarsan 606.
- A drug that targeted the specific germs that caused the illness without harming anything else in the body.
What were hospitals like at the start of the 1800s?
- Quality of nursing was poor, they were usually drunk
- Unhygienic
- Overcrowded
- Disease spread incredibly quickly
Who was Florence Nightingale? Why was she important to the development of health and medicine during the 19th Century?
- Improved sanitation in Hospitals
- Made sure they were well ventilated
- Made sure food supplies, clothing and washing facilities were provided to patients
- Published a book
- Set up a school of nursing
Who was Mary Seacole? Why was she important to the development of health and medicine during the 19th Century?
- She went into the Battlefield of the Crimean War to treat soldiers
- Had extreme beef with Nightingale
- In 1855, opened up the British Hospital between Balaclava and Sevastopol to treat wounded and sick soldiers
Who was Betsi Cadwaladr? Why was she important to the development of health and medicine during the 19th Century?
- She too was in the Crimean War
- She cleaned wounds and changed bandages
- She worked from 6 am to 11 pm
- She died of dysentery
Who was Elizabeth Garrett Anderson? Why was she important to the development of health and medicine during the 19th Century?
- One of the first female surgeons
- Set up her own practice
- Gained membership to the British Medical Association
- Helped set up a medical school for women in 1874
Who was Sophia Jex-Blake? Why was she important to the development of health and medicine during the 19th Century?
- She was a part of the Edinburgh Seven
- Got her medical degree in Switzerland
- Set up her own surgery in Edinburgh
- Helped Elizabeth Garrett Anderson set up the New Hospital For Women And Children
What are anaesthetics?
Substance that removes pain
Who was James Simpson? Why was he important to the development of health and medicine during the 19th Century?
- 1847, he and his colleges experimented with the effects of Chloroform
- Realised it was an effective anaesthetic
- It was used to ease pain during child birth
What was the ‘Black Period’ of surgery?
- It was difficult to get the dosage of Chloroform right and could kill the patient if too much was used🤣
- Some thought pain-free surgery was unnatural
- With patients asleep, doctors attempted more complex surgery that may have resulted in more deaths than before Chloroform was discovered
What are anti-sceptics?
Something that stops organisms that cause disease from growing and spreading in the body
Who was Joseph Lister? Why was he important to the development of health and medicine during the 19th Century?
- Soaked his entire theatre in Carbolic acid including himself, his tools and the patients wound.
- He developed a Carbolic spray to kill germs
- The death rate had dropped from 46% to 15%
- This led to aseptic surgery
