Health And Lifestyle Flashcards
What is a nutrient?
A nutrient is a substance that the body needs to keep you alive.
What do carbohydrates, lipids, protein, vitamins, minerals, and fibre do?
- Carbohydrates and lipids: Provide energy.
- Protein: Helps your body grow and repair.
- Vitamins and minerals: Keep you healthy.
- Fibre: Adds bulk to food.
What factors influence a balanced diet?
Age, gender, activity level, and health conditions.
What can an unhealthy diet lead to?
- Deficiencies (e.g., Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness, Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets).
- Obesity: Increases risk of diabetes and heart disease.
- Being underweight: Causes fatigue and weakened immunity.
How do you test for protein in food?
Use Biuret solution; it turns purple if protein is present.
How do you test for lipids in food?
Use water and alcohol; it turns cloudy if lipids are present.
How do you test for starch in food?
Use iodine solution; it turns blue-black if starch is present.
How do you test for sugar in food?
Use Benedict’s solution and heat; it turns orange-red if sugar is present.
Why does food need to be digested?
To break down and absorb nutrients.
What happens in the mouth during digestion?
Mechanical digestion breaks food into smaller pieces.
What is the function of the oesophagus?
Carries food to the rest of the digestive system.
What happens in the stomach during digestion?
The stomach breaks down food for easier digestion.
What does bile from the liver do?
Bile breaks down fat and neutralizes stomach acid.
What does the pancreas contribute to digestion?
It adds enzymes to speed up digestion.
What is absorbed in the small intestine?
Nutrients are absorbed to be used by the body.