health and disease Flashcards
health
the state of physical and mental wellbeing
communicable diseases
diseases caused by a pathogen that can be spread from person to person
non-communicable diseases
diseases that can’t spread between people
risk of weak immune system
increased chance of suffering from communicable diseases as the body is less likely to defend itself against the pathogen
risk of infection
can cause cancer e.g hepatitis can cause long term infections in the liver leading to an increased chance of developing liver cancer or HPV causing cervical cancer
risk of immune system reactions
trigger allergic reactions like skin rashes or worsen symptoms of asthma
risk of physical health problems on mental health
mental health issues can be triggered
list 3 factors affecting health
-stress
-diet
-smoking
-access to medical care
-exercise
-sleep
human cost of non-communicable disease
-tens of millions of people die each year
-people with diseases have a lower quality of life or shorter lifespans
financial cost of non-communicable diseases
-cost to NHS for researching and treating diseases is huge
-families adapt or move homes to help a member with disease
-income reduced if a family member with disease has to give up work or die
-reduction in how many people can work affects country’s economy
how can diet affect health?
-too little food/lack of nutrition can lead to anaemia or vitamin deficiencies
-too much food/too much unhealthy food can lead to obesity or type 2 diabetes
how can stress affect health?
prolonged stress can lead to a wide range of health problems
4 examples of how health problems interact with each other
-viruses can lead to cancer e.g hepatitis lead to liver cancer
-compromised immune system can lead to higher risk of infection
-immune reactions caused by a pathogen can trigger allergic reactions
-problems with physical health can lead to mental health
