Health Flashcards
1
Q
Cultural Evolution - def? driven by?
A
- the adaptive change of a culture to recurrent environmental pressures.
- primarily by psychological forces
2
Q
Recent Cultural changes
A
- hunting
- processed food
- Availability of food
- drugs
- transportation
- non foods
3
Q
Differences in culture and Coping with health problems?
A
- Individualistic vs. collectivist culture view health/getting help in different ways
- Individualistic - easier for us to go to a therapist,
- Collectivist – harder to go to a therapist because of negative stigma th
- Immigrants from Asia less likely to seek help when ill than immigrants from say, Europe
4
Q
Why Study Sexual Behaviour? (3)
A
- Psychological well-being - necessary to be a happy, content adult
- major component in a lot of social problems
- a form of behaviour
5
Q
What is Health?
A
- NOT just the absence of illness, not the “default”
- state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
6
Q
Health Psychology?
A
- branch of psychology devoted to understanding the way people stay healthy, the reasons they become ill and the way they respond to getting ill
- how psychological factors influence the causes and treatment of physical illness and maintenance of health
7
Q
Two models of Health?
A
- biomedical model
- biopsychosocial model
8
Q
Biomedical model
A
- old model, not interested in this
- Up to mid-20th century, where health is defined as absence of illness
9
Q
Biopsychosocial Model - what? emphasizes? health not just? unit of analysis?
A
- new one, what we are interested in
- Emphasizes the role that social and cultural forces play
- Health is not just something physiological – it is social, cultural, psychological
- individual used to be the unit of analysis (biomedical) but now recognized that there are subgroups and some groups are more vulnerable than others
10
Q
Biopsychosocial - advantages?
A
- thinking about health in terms of groups instead of individuals
- we can target a larger group of people at the same time and tailor our treatment towards a specific group
- Some groups are treated differently: for example, old people less priority
11
Q
Prevalence of diseases - anorexia, hikihomori?
A
- Anorexia not a problem in developing countries
- Hikihomori: specific to Japan, acute social withdrawal
12
Q
Some statistics about smoking
A
- # 1 preventable cause of death in Canada
- Cause of approx. 1/4 all deaths (35-84 y.o.)
- Approx. 21.8% Canadians 12 or older smoke (2005)
- Lung cancer: 20% all cancer deaths – largest proportion of any cancer we have
- 1/2 smokers die prematurely from smoking-related diseases: lung/mouth/throat cancer, heart disease, emphysema
- smoking causes 80% of lung cancers
13
Q
Groups at risk for smoking - gender
A
- traditionally, men smoked more than women, but now women are catching up
- Advertising in ~60’s: smoking + women – should smoke like men to be independent, etc
- Breast cancer rates going down, lung cancer doubled in women
- 16% young men and 19% young women smoke (15 – 19 years old)
14
Q
Smoking risk groups - SES - income? education? job prestige?
A
- Income: more money = less likely
- more education = less likely
- Better job = less likely to smoke
- 40% in lowest bracket and 15% in highest bracket smoke
15
Q
Groups at Risk - aboriginals?
A
- On-reserve aboriginals: 60% smoke
- Inuit: 53.1% (in Nunavuit)
