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Post Assessment > Health > Flashcards

Health Flashcards

1
Q

Six types of Nutrients

A 
Carbohydrates
protein
fat
vitamins
minerals
water
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2
Q

Carbohydrates

A

4 cal/g, main source of energy

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3
Q

Protein

A

4 cal/g, building blocks

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4
Q

Fat

A

9 cal/g important for brain development

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5
Q

vitamins

A

compounds found in food

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6
Q

minerals

A

elements found in food

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7
Q

water

A

essential, all body cells contain water

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8
Q

Fat soluble vitamins

A

A,D,E,K

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9
Q

60% of _____

A

carbohydrates

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10
Q

30% of _____

A

Protein

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11
Q

10% of ____

A

fat

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12
Q

make half your grains _____

A

whole

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13
Q

Eat a variety of ____ and ____

A

fruit and vegetables

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14
Q

9,5,2,1,0

A 
9- hours of sleep
5- servings of fruit and vegetables
2- less than two hours of screen time 
1- hour of physical activity 
0- sugar drinks
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15
Q

What is on a nutrition label?

A

1) The name of the product
2) amount of food
3) ingredients
4) nutrition facts-serving size, serving in container, calories, nutrients, percent daily value
5) Nutrient claims

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16
Q

What is on an open date?

A

1) Sell by
2) use by
3) freshness date
4) pack dates

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17
Q

How to prevent foodborne illness?

A

Clean, separate, cook, and chill

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18
Q

Food Sensitivites

A

Food allergy- can be very serious, anaphylactic shock

Food intolerance- less severe negative reaction to a food

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19
Q

Weight maintenance

A

calories in = calories out

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20
Q

weight loss

A

Calories in

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21
Q

weight gain

A

calories in > calories out

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22
Q

How to manage your weight

A

1) set a goal
2) make an action plan
3) Evaluate your progress

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23
Q

What is a Fad Diet

A

Diets that are popular for a short period of time

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24
Q

What is a miracle food?

A

get results by eating one type

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25
Q

What is magic combination?

A

Get results by a combination of food

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26
Q

What is a liquid diet?

A

Get results by replacing solid foods with ultra-low calorie drinks

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27
Q

What is a diet pill

A

Get results by taking supplements that block or flush fat from the body

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28
Q

What is fasting?

A

Get results by depriving the body of needed nutrients

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29
Q

What is anorexia Nervosa?

A

Irrational fear of weight gain causing one to starve themselves

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30
Q

What is Bulimia Nervosa?

A

Cycles of of binging and purging

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31
Q

What is binge eating disorder?

A

Compulsive overeating that could lead to obesity

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32
Q

Lifetime nutritional goals depend on three factors

A

age, gender, and activity

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33
Q

Risk of being inactive

A

weight gain and obesity
chronic disease- type 2 diabetes, heart disease, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis.
premature death

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34
Q

what are the 5 components of fitness

A 
cardiorespiratory Endurance
Muscular Strength 
Muscular Endurance 
Flexibility
Body Composition
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35
Q

How does cardiorespiratory endurance work?

A

Ability of heart and lungs to work together

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36
Q

How does muscular strength work?

A

How much, 8 reps or less

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37
Q

How does muscular endurance work?

A

How long, 12+ reps

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38
Q

How does flexibility work?

A

The ability to move a body part through its full rotation

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39
Q

How does body composition work?

A

The ratio of fat mass to lean mass

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40
Q

What is aerobic exercise?

A

“with air”, requires high amount of oxygen for sustained amount of time

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41
Q

What is anaerobic exercise?

A

Short burst

42
Q

What do you need to consider when setting a fitness goal?

A 
Cost
Resources
Schedule
Current fitness level
Overall health
safety
43
Q

What are the principles of training?

A

Specificity
Progression
Overload

44
Q

What are the elements of a workout?

A

Warmup
Workout
cool down

45
Q

What does F.I.T.T stand for?

A

F- Frequency
I- Intensity
T-Time
T-Type

46
Q

What does P.R.I.C.E stand for?

A 
P- protection
R- rest
I- ice
C- compress
E- elevate
47
Q

What are the six types of health?

A 
Social
Emotional
Spiritual
Mental
Environmental
Physical
48
Q

What does S.M.A.R.T stand for in setting a goal?

A 
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Relative
Time
49
Q

What is the skeletal system?

A

provides support for the body, a framework for muscle attachment and allows movement of limbs and digits

50
Q

What does the skeletal system?

A

contains bones, connective tissue and joints

51
Q

What are bones?

A

Made up of living tissue form in layers

52
Q

What is connective tissue?

A

cartilage, ligaments and tendons

53
Q

What is cartilage?

A

strong and flexible, acts as a cushion between bones

54
Q

What is ligaments?

A

connect bone to bone

55
Q

What is a tendon?

A

connects muscle to bone

56
Q

What is a joint?

A

points at which a bone meets

57
Q

What are possible problems with the skeletal system?

A 
Scoliosis
Fractures
dislocation
bursitis
arthritis
osteoporosis
58
Q

What is the muscular system?

A

allows voluntary and involuntary movement

59
Q

What is smooth muscle?

A

acts on the lining of body’s passage?

60
Q

What is skeletal muscles?

A

attach to bone and allow movement?

61
Q

What is a flexor? What is an extensor?

A

Flexor- closes a joint

Extensor- opens a joint

62
Q

What is cardiac muscle?

A

striated muscles that form the walls of the heart

63
Q

What are some muscular problems?

A 
Bruises
Strains
tendinitis
hernia
muscular dystrophy
64
Q

What is the nervous system?

A

coordinates all the activities of the body

65
Q

Central Nervous System

A

brain and spinal cord

66
Q

Parts of the brain?

A

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
brain stem

67
Q

What is the cerebrum and what are the parts?

A

Largest and most complex

  • frontal lobe, controls voluntary movements
  • parietal lobe, involved with sensory information
  • occipital lobe, controls sense of sight
  • temporal lobe, contains the sense of hearing and smell
68
Q

What is the cerebellum?

A

coordinates movement of skeletal movement

69
Q

What is the brain stem and what are the parts?

A

stalk of nerve fibers that connects spinal cord to the brain

  • medulla oblongata, regulates heartbeat and respiration rate
  • midbrain, controls eye movements
  • thalamus, relays impulses from eyes, ears, and skin
  • hypothalamus, regulates body temp. appetite, sleep
70
Q

what is the peripheral nervous system?

A

gathers information and communicates them with the CNS

71
Q

what is the autonomic nervous system?

A

controls involuntary information

72
Q

what is the sympathetic nervous system?

A

controls “fight or flight” response

73
Q

what is the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

relaxes the body

74
Q

What are some problem with the nervous system?

A

meningitis- inflammation of spinal and cranial meninges caused by an infection
Epilepsy- characterized by recurrent seizures
Cerebral palsy- results from a damage to the brain before, during, or just after birth

75
Q

What is the cardiovascular system?

A

carries oxygen from the lungs to all cells, absorbs and delivers nutrients, delivers waste products to the kidneys, helps white blood cells fight against disease

76
Q

what are blood vessels?

A

carries blood through the body

77
Q

What is are arteries?

A

carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

78
Q

what are veins?

A

returns blood to heart

79
Q

what are capillaries?

A

small vessels that form a vast network?

80
Q

what are some problem with the cardiovascular system?

A

congenital heart defects- condition of the heart that are present at birth
anemia- condition caused by low red blood cell count
Hemophilia- an inherited disorder where the blood doesn’t clot properly
Leukemia-a form of cancer where white blood cells are produced abnormally

81
Q

What is the respiratory system?

A

provides oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide from the body

82
Q

what are parts of the lungs?

A

trachea-“windpipe” air moves into lungs through it
bronchi- main airways that reach into each lung
bronchioles- a network of tubes that connect to the bronchi
alveoli- microscopic air sacs at the end of bronchioles

83
Q

what is the diaphragm?

A

a muscle that contracts to expand your chest and lungs

84
Q

what is the digestive system?

A

breaks down food to be absorbed as nourishment or eliminated as waste.

85
Q

how much of does the small intestine absorb?

A

90% of all nutrients

86
Q

what is heartburn?

A

acid reflux

87
Q

what does the excretory system do?

A

uses several organs to remove all types of waste from the body

88
Q

What does the skin remove?

A

water and salt(sweat)

89
Q

What does the lungs remove?

A

carbon dioxide

90
Q

What does the kidneys remove?

A

waste from blood

91
Q

What does the liver remove?

A

toxins

92
Q

What does the bladder remove?

A

liquid waste

93
Q

problem with the excretory system?

A

cystitis- inflammation of the bladder
kidney stones- salts in the urine crystallize into stones
kidney failure- when kidneys lose ability to function, can be very serious

94
Q

what is the endocrine system?

A

secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

95
Q

what are Hormones?

A

chemicals that regulate many body functions

96
Q

pituitary glands do what?

A

controls functions of all other glands, “master glands”

97
Q

what are testes?

A

male reproductive glands, secrete testosterone

98
Q

what are ovaries?

A

female reproductive glands, secrete estogen

99
Q

Thyroid glands do what?

A

regulates body heat, growth and metabolism

100
Q

what do adrenal glands do?

A

help the body deal with stress and emergencies

Post Assessment (1 decks)

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