Health Flashcards
Type: Define social development
The increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people.
Type:Define physical development
Changes to the body and it’s systems. These can be changes in size (i.e growth), complexity (eg. the increase in complexity of nervous systems) and motor skills (eg. learning to walk
Type: Emotional development
The development of full range of emotions and the optimal way of dealing with and expressing them
Type: Intellectual development
The development of processes in the brain such as thought, knowledge and memory.
1946 WHO Definition of Health:
‘Health is a state of complete physical mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of debase or infirmity
DIMENSIONS: Physical health
Relates to efficient functioning of the body and its systems, and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness
DIMENSIONS: Social health:
Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and co-operative way
DIMENSIONS: Mental health:
State of wellbeing in which the individual realises his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to his or her community
Life expectancy:
An indication of how long a person can expect to live if the current death rates remain unchanged
Incidence
:
Refers to the number (or rate) of a new case of a diease or condition present in a population at a given time
Prevalence
How many cases of a particular disease of condition are present in a population at a given time
Trends
:
A general movement or pattern. Tells us what has been happening to the data over a period of time.
Morbidity
Refers to ill-health in an individual or levels of ill-health in a population
Mortality
Refers to deaths in the population
DALY’s
‘Disability adjusted in life year’. A measure of the burden of disease. One DALY equals one year of healthy life lost
YLL’s
Years of life lost’ A measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death.
YLD’s
Years lost due to disability’. A measure of how many ‘healthy’ years of life are lost due to illness, injury or a disability.
Burden of disease
A measure of the impact of disease and injuries: specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age, free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in DALY’s
Individual human development
The series of orderly, predictable changes that occur from conception until death. Development can be physical, social, emotional or intellectual.
Prenatal - when it begins and major developments or changes
Begins at fertilisation and ends at birth (40 wks) ~ Organs and structures develop.
Infancy -begins and changes
Begins at birth and ends at two ~ motor skills, walk, simple words, recognise familiar people, play games, throw tantrums.
Early childhood - begins and changes
Begins at two and ends at six. ~ social skills, interact with people, make friends, eat at table with adults, toilet trained.
Late childhood
Begins at six and ends at twelve ~ Reading skills, writing skills, developing long term memory, understudying gender stereotypes, refining motor skills.
Youth
Begins at 12 (puberty) and ends at eighteen. ~ increased independence, sexual maturity in order to reproduce, complex relationships and life goals.
Early adulthood
Begins at 19 and ends at 40. ~ physical peak, steady decline, decide on career, life partner, marriage, children.
Middle adulthood
40-65 ~ stability of work, relationships, further identity, financial security, physical signs of ageing, menopause, children leave home, grandparents.
Late adulthood
65- death ~ retirement, financial security, voluntary work, leisure activities, grief through deaths of friends or spouse, health declines, reflect on their life and achievements.
Gross motor skills
The manipulation and coordination of large muscle groups such as those in the arms and legs
Fine motor skills
The manipulation and coordination of small muscle groups such as those in the hands.
Self esteem
Self - esteem is how you rate what you know about yourself.
Self concept
The information and knowledge you have of yourself. Things such as physical capacities, social skills and academic ability are included in your self- concept.
Primary sex characteristics
Parts of the body that are directly involved with reproduction. Things such as the penis for males and the vagina for females are examples of primary sex characteristics. These are present from birth but grow and change mainly through puberty.
Secondary sex characteristics
Come from changes that occur to the body that arent directly related to reproduction nor are they present at birth. Things such as widening of the hips for females and facial hair for boys are examples of this.
