health

Question 1

What are the human causes of malaria?

Answer 1

1. Human settlements provide a blood reservoir for mosquitoes.
2. Exposed skin increases bite risk.
3. Shade in houses allows mosquitoes to digest blood meals.
4. Stagnant water in upturned containers and irrigation channels serves as breeding grounds.

Question 2

what are the physical causes of malaria?

Answer 2

1. regular rainfall
2. warm temperature (15-40C)
3. areas of vegetation (for digesting blood)
4. The presence of the female anopheles mosquito.
5. Humidity of 60 per cent and over.

Question 3

strategies to manage malaria (human)

Answer 3

1. insecticides (DDT)
2. education
3. cover skin
4. drugs

Question 4

strategies to manage malaria (mosquito)

Answer 4

1. swamps and ponds can be drained.
2. fish can be added to ponds.
3. BTI bacteria
4. egg whites can be sprayed.
5. mustard seeds

Question 5

impacts of malaria

Answer 5

1. death rates increase including infant mortality.
2. high absence from school.
3. high absence from work.
4. increased pressure on health care services.
5. drugs are expensive.
6. hospitals need more doctors and equipment.
7. more money is getting invested on health care.

Question 6

causes of heart disease

Answer 6

1. poor diet (narrows arteries)
2. smoking (high blood pressure)
3. stress (causes the heart to work harder to pump blood)
4. genetic factors
5. lack of exercise (rise in blood pressure and cholesterol levels)

Question 7

symptoms of heart disease

Answer 7

1.

Question 8

strategies to manage heart disease

Answer 8

1. Heart clinics to monitor & test for heart problems.
2. Curative surgery e.g. heart by-pass procedures, transplants etc.
3. Preventative drugs for high cholesterol, blood pressure etc.
4. Health education programmes to advise public on risk factors e.g. lack of exercise, smoking, obesity etc.
5. Foods are being made healthier & now contain more vegetable oils than animal. The price of fruit & vegetables is decreasing and availability increasing.

Question 9

impacts/ effects of heart disease

Answer 9

1. Death rates will increased.
2. High absences from work, reduces economic productivity.
3. Emotional impact on family.
4. Increased pressure on health services. Drugs to treat coronary problems are expensive, as are surgical by-passes.
5. Funds get diverted from other areas e.g. education.
6. Increased taxes to fund healthcare

Question 10

causes of HIV/AIDS

Answer 10

1. Drug users sharing dirty needles.
2. Having unprotected sex with an infected person.
3. Babies drinking the breast milk of an infected woman.
4. Infected blood transfusions.
5. Infection can be passed on from mother to foetus during pregnancy.
6. Lack of preventative care, advice or medication.
7. Lack of education on how the disease is transmitted.

Question 11

strategies to manage HIV/AIDS

Answer 11

There is still no cure for AIDS so most efforts concentrate on prevention. 

Health education programmes warns of the risks of unprotected sex and of shared needles. These programmes include advertising on TV and radio as a number of people in the affected areas may be illiterate.

The distribution of free condoms was also designed to help people practise safe sex and young people are also encouraged to abstain from sex until after marriage.

Question 12

impacts/ effects of HIV/AIDS

Answer 12

1. AIDS is a debilitating disease which means that eventually those infected will not be able to work, lowering the productivity and potential wealth of a country.
2. Development may be hindered which leads to fewer jobs and less wealth in a country.
3. The death rate will increase and life expectancy decreases.
4. In countries like South Africa or Uganda where AIDS is endemic, children may be left without parents and brought up without grandparents. Entire middle-aged populations may be missing from societies.
5. There may also be a loss of tourist revenue if it becomes known that there are specific problems with disease in the areas.