Health Flashcards
Totality of Services offered by all health disciplines
Health care Delivery system
A type of Healthcare services which is to encourage optimal health and to increase the person’s resistance to illness
Primary Prevention
A type of healthcare services known as health maintenance.
Secondary Prevention
A type of healthcare services which seeks to prevent a disease or condition at a pre-pathologic state; to stop something from ever happening
Primary Prevention
A type of Healthcare services which seeks to identify specific illnesses or conditions at an early stage with prompt intervention to prevent or limit disability; to prevent catastrophic effects that could occur if proper attention and treatment are not provided
Secondary Prevention
A type of healthcare services is to help people move to their previous capabilities) or to the highest level they are capable of given their current health status
Tertiary Prevention
A type of healthcare services which supports the client’s achievement of successful adaption to known risks, optimal reconstitution and/or establishment of high-level wellness
Tertiary Prevention
A type of healthcare services occurs after a disease or disability has occurred and the recovery process has begun; intent is to halt the disease or injury process and assist the person in obtaining an optimal health status
Tertiary Prevention
task-oriented, in which a particular nursing function is assigned to each worker
Functional Nursing
It is the best system that can be used when there are many patients and professional nurses are few.
Functional Nursing
RN may be responsible for giving medications another nurse for admission and discharges while nursing attendants change linen, provide hygienic care, or do simple nursing procedures for which they have been trained
Functional Nursing
It dividends the work to be done with each person being responsible to the head or senior nurse
Functional Nursing
oldest nursing practice modality
Functional Nursing
Must have a clearly defined job description
Functional Nursing
Patient care leading to fragmented care
Functional Nursing
It accomplishes the most work in the shortest amount of time
Functional Nursing
Delivery of individualized care by a team
Team Nursing
Used in countries with nurse shortage. Headed by professional nurse
Team Nursing
Decentralized system of care in which a qualified professional nurse leads a group of nursing personnel in providing for the nursing needs of a group of patients/clients through participative effort.
Team Nursing
The team leader assigns patients and tasks to team members according to job descriptions
Team Nursing
The leader is responsible for coordinating the total care of a group of patients
Team Nursing
To provide patient-centered care. The patients’ nursing care needs are identified and met through nursing diagnosis and implementation of planned care
Team Nursing
heart of team nursing is
TEAM CONFERENCE
The team leader has the responsibility for coordinating the total care of a block of patients → Provides the best care at the lowest cost
Team Nursing
form of assigning responsibilities for patient care, is an extension of the principle of decentralization of authority
Primary Nursing
Each registered nurse is responsible for the total care of a small group of patients from admission to discharge
Primary Nursing
Assesses the patient’s needs for care, sets care goals, writes a nursing care plan, administers care according to that plan, evaluates the outcomes of care, and makes the necessary changes or adjustments as necessary
Primary Nursing
He/She provides pre-discharge planning and teaching
Primary Nursing
Assumes 24-hour responsibility for nursing care, secondary or associate nurses execute the nursing care plan during the afternoon and night shifts and on days when the primary nurse is off-duty.
Primary Nursing
The primary and secondary nurses are freed from administrative and housekeeping responsibilities to maximize their time for patient care.
Primary Nursing
Authority, accountability, and autonomy rest with the primary nurse.
Primary Nursing
kind of assignment shifts from taskmaster, decisionmaker, and coordinator of patient care to role model, consultant, and quality control expert for the primary nurse in the unit.
Head Nurse
He/she encourages clinical decision making and ensures needed support in coordinating the functions in patient care management.
Head Nurse
Each patient is assigned to a nurse for total care
TOTAL CARE NURSING OR CASE NURSING
The nurse plans, coordinates, implements, evaluates, and documents the nursing care he/she has given during her shift
His/her entry point is anytime during the patient’s illness
TOTAL CARE NURSING OR CASE NURSING
The nurse is accountable for his/her own actions
He/she provides holistic care to his/her patient, who in turn can relate well with his/her.
TOTAL CARE NURSING OR CASE NURSING
This method works best when there are plenty of nurses and patients are few
Nurses may not be familiar with patients in other areas
TOTAL CARE NURSING OR CASE NURSING
LINES OF AUTHORITY IN TOTAL CARE NURSING
- Head/Senior Nurse → Staff Nurse → Patient
TOTAL CARE NURSING OR CASE NURSING
A modification of team and primary nursing
MODULAR METHOD OR DISTRICT NURSING
It differs from team nursing in that the registered nurse provides direct nursing care with the assistance of aides.
MODULAR METHOD OR DISTRICT NURSING
The professional nurse provides leadership, support, and instruction to the non-professional nursing personnel.
MODULAR METHOD OR DISTRICT NURSING
similar to primary nursing in that each pair or team of nurses is personnel responsible for the care of patients from admission to discharge. Following discharge, and throughout any subsequent admissions to the same institution.
MODULAR METHOD OR DISTRICT NURSING
It is customary to assign the two - or three - worker team full responsibility for a caseload of 8 to 12 patients in a particular section of the nursing unit.
MODULAR METHOD OR DISTRICT NURSING
The greatest responsibility falls on the registered nurse who assesses the patient’s needs, plans and implements care and assesses outcomes including guiding and instructing his/her partners.
MODULAR METHOD OR DISTRICT NURSING
A system of patient care delivery that focuses on the achievement of outcomes within effective and appropriate time frames and resources.
MODULAR METHOD OR DISTRICT NURSING
It focuses on an entire episode of illness, crossing all settings in which the patient receives care.
CASE MANAGEMENT
directed by a case manager who ideally is involved in a group practice
CARE
• He/She is responsible for the assessment of patient and family, establishes the nursing diagnosis, develops the nursing care plan, delegates nursing care to associates, activates interventions, coordinates and collaborates with the interdisciplinary team, and evaluates outcomes of care.
CASE MANAGEMENT
A place devoted to the maintenance and operation of health facilities for the diagnosis, treatment, and care of individuals suffering from illness, disease, injury, or deformity or in need of obstetrical or other surgical, medical, and nursing care.
HOSPITAL
A hospital staffed or equipped to care for many patients and a large number of kinds of diseases and dysfunction using technology
MEDICAL CENTER
A DOH licensed hospital equipped to provide comprehensive emergency medical services to patients suffering from traumatic injuries. It is able to handle any level of severity of trauma and has surgeons on-site 24/7.
TRAUMA CAPABLE FACILITY
All hospital beds which are regularly maintained and staffed for accommodation and full-time care of a succession of in-patients. These beds are immediately available for the care of admitted patients who stay for a minimum of 24 hours.
IN-PATIENT HOSPITAL BEDS
Owned, established, operated with funds through donation, principal, investment or other means by an individual, corporation, association or organization.
PRIVATE
Created by law.
A government health facility may be under the National Government, DOH, LGU, Department of National Defense, Philippine National Police, Government Owned Controlled Corporations, Department of Justice, State Universities and Colleges
GOVERNMENT
A hospital that provides services for all kinds of services, diseases, injuries, or deformities. A general hospital shall provide medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, maternity, newborn and child care.
GENERAL
A hospital that specializes in a particular disease or condition or in one type of patient. A specialize hospital may be devoted to treatment of any of the following:
SPECIALTY
A first contact health care facility that offers basic services including emergency service, and provisions for normal deliveries
PRIMARY CARE FACILITY
A short stay facility where a short (1-3 days) length of time spent by patients before discharge
With in-patient’s bed
A facility where medicine or medical and/or dental examination/treatment is dispensed
Without bed
A health facility that provides long term care including basic services like food and shelter to patients with chronic or mental illness, patients in need of rehabilitation owing to substance abuse, people requiring ongoing health and nursing care due to chronic impairments and a reduced degree of independence in activities of daily living.
CUSTODIAL CARE FACILITY
A facility that examines the human body or specimen from the human body for diagnosis or sometimes treatment of diseases, the test covers the pre-analytical, post-analytical phase of examination
DIAGNOSTIC/THERAPEUTIC CARE FACILITY
A facility with a specialized and trained staff that performs highly specialized procedures on an out-patient basis
SPECIALIZED OUT-PATIENT CARE FACILITY
Every health facility shall be organized to provide safe, quality effective, and efficient services for patients.
STANDARDS
- Licensed physician
- Staff composition shall depend on the work load and services provided and qualifications required by DOH
- Staff development, continuing education program
PERSONNEL
- Enough space
* Compliance with the local and national regulation for the construction
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
Shall have available operational equipment and instruments consistent with the services it will provide
EQUIPMENT:
- Administrative standard operating procedure (SOP) for the provision of its services
- Policies and procedures in the different clinical areas of the facility, referral system
- Blood comes from licensed blood centers
SERVICE DELIVERY
• Shall have policies and procedures on Quality Assurance Program (QAP)
- Shall have a written plan and implemented continuously and periodically reviewed
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ACTIVITIES
Shall maintain a system of communication and documentation, recording and reporting of results of examinations
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
• Well ventilated, lighted, clear safe and functional areas based on the services provided
ENVIRONEMENT MANAGEMENT
• Procedures with proper disposal of infectious waste and toxic substance in accordance with
RA 6969
Contingency plan in case of accidents and emergency
ENVIRONEMENT MANAGEMENT
assist the client physically and psychologically while preserving the client’s dignity. The required nursing actions may involve full care for the completely dependent client, partial care for the partially dependent client, and supportive-educative care to assist clients in attaining their highest possible level of health and wellness. Encompasses the physical, psychosocial, developmental, cultural, and spiritual levels
CAREGIVER
The nursing process provides nurses with a framework for providing care. A nurse may provide care directly or delegate it to other caregivers
CAREGIVER
is integral to all nursing roles. Nurses communicate with the client, support persons, other health professionals, and people in the community
Communication
nurses identify client problems and then communicate these verbally or in writing to other members of the health team.
COMMUNICATOR
important factor in nursing care
Communication
The nurse must be able to communicate clearly and accurately in order for a client’s health care needs to be met.
COMMUNICATOR
the nurse helps clients learn about their health and the health care procedures they need to perform to restore or maintain their health.
TEACHER
The nurse assesses the client’s learning needs and readiness to learn, sets specific learning goals in conjunction with the client, enacts teaching strategies, and measures learning. Nurses also teach unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to whom they delegate care, and they share their expertise with other nurses and health professionals.
TEACHER
acts to protect the client. In this role the nurse may represent the client’s needs and wishes to other health professionals, such as relaying the client’s request for information to the physician. They also assist clients in exercising their rights and help them speak up for themselves.
CLIENT ADVOCATE
- Discuss client’s diagnosis
* Explain how procedure can affect the treatment or recovery of the patient (include family, relatives)
COUNSELLOR
the process of helping a client to recognize and cope with stressful psychological or social problems, to develop improved interpersonal relationships, and to promote personal growth. . It involves providing emotional, intellectual, and psychological support.
Counseling
The nurse counsels primarily healthy individuals with normal adjustment difficulties and focuses on helping the person develop new attitudes, feelings, and behaviors by encouraging the client to look at alternative behaviors, recognize the choices, and develop a sense of control.
COUNSELLOR
To improve nursing care by introduction of monitoring system
CHANGE AGENT
• The nurse acts as a change agent when assisting clients to make modifications in their behavior. Nurses also often act to make changes in a system, such as clinical care, if it is not helping a client return to health. Nurses are continually dealing with change in the healthcare system. Technological change, change in the age of the client population, and changes in medications are just a few of the change’s nurses deal with daily
CHANGE AGENT
Charge Nurse”
• Discusses patient case, leads & delegates nurses
• Motivating & directing staff
LEADER
influences other to work together to accomplish a specific goal
can be employed at different levels: individual client, family, groups of clients, colleagues, or the community.
LEADER
learned process requiring an understanding of the needs and goals that motivate people, the knowledge to apply the leadership skills, and the interpersonal skills to influence others
Effective leadership
- Not all leaders become a manager
- Directing and supervising
- Responsible for the human and financial resources of the area
MANAGER
Satisfy not only needs of the patient but the entire area (Ex. environment of the staff should be safe; monitor staff that they are giving optimal care; budgeting; staff is balanced over the number of patients; resources, equipment and supplies are sufficient)
MANAGER
Requirement: experience, education (graduate of Masteral course)
MANAGER
manages the nursing care of individuals, families, and communities
MANAGER
delegates nursing activities to ancillary workers and other nurses, and supervises and evaluates their performance. Managing requires knowledge about organizational structure and dynamics, authority and accountability, leadership, change theory, advocacy, delegation, and supervision and evaluation.
MANAGER
• Refer case to different government facilities that could help the patient with his/her case
CASE MANAGER
Nurse case managers work with the multidisciplinary health care team to measure the effectiveness of the case management plan and to monitor outcomes. Each agency or unit specifies the role of the nurse case manager.
CASE MANAGER
works with primary or staff nurses to oversee the care of a specific caseload
CASE MANAGER
the primary nurse or provides some level of direct care to the client and family. Insurance companies
CASE MANAGER
responsibilities may vary from managing acute hospitalizations to managing high-cost clients or case types.
CASE MANAGER
help ensure that care is oriented to the client, while controlling costs.
CASE MANAGER
Interpret medical terms to the client
RESEARCH CONSUMER
have some awareness of the process and language of research,
RESEARCH CONSUMER
be sensitive to issues related to protecting the rights of human subjects,
RESEARCH CONSUMER
participate in the identification of significant researchable problems, and
RESEARCH CONSUMER
discriminating consumer of research findings.
RESEARCH CONSUMER
- Nurse that goes to specialty clinics
- A nurse who has an advanced education and is a graduate of a nurse practitioner program. These nurses are certified by the American Nurses Credentialing Center in areas
NURSE PRACTITIONER
They are employed in health care agencies or community-based settings. They usually deal with non-emergency acute or chronic illness and provide primary ambulatory care.
NURSE PRACTITIONER
A nurse who has an advanced degree or expertise and is considered to be an expert in a specialized area of practice (e.g., gerontology, oncology). The nurse provides direct client care, educates others, consults, conducts research, and manages care. The American Nurses Credentialing Center provides national certification
CLINICAL NURSE SPECIALIST
- Establish businesses/institutions (schools, review centers, etc.)
- A nurse who usually has an advanced degree and manages a health-related business. The nurse may be involved in education, consultation, or research, for example.
NURSE ENTREPRENEUR
employed in nursing programs, at educational institutions, and in hospital staff education
NURSE EDUCATOR
has a baccalaureate degree or more advanced preparation and frequently has expertise in a particular area of practice.
NURSE EDUCATOR
responsible for classroom and often clinical teaching
NURSE EDUCATOR
A nurse who has completed advanced education in an accredited program in anesthesiology
NURSE ANESTHETIST
carries out preoperative visits and assessments, and administers general anesthetics for surgery under the supervision of a physician prepared in anesthesiology
NURSE ANESTHETIST
also assesses the postoperative status of clients.
NURSE ANESTHETIST
Chief Nurse
NURSE ADMINISTRATOR
manages client care, including the delivery of nursing services
NURSE ADMINISTRATOR
may have a middle management position, such as head nurse or supervisor, or a more senior management position, such as director of nursing services.
NURSE ADMINISTRATOR
functions include budgeting, staffing, and planning programs
NURSE ADMINISTRATOR
educational preparation positions is at least a baccalaureate degree in nursing and frequently a master’s or doctoral degree.
NURSE ADMINISTRATOR
The nurse gives prenatal and postnatal care and manages deliveries in normal pregnancies
NURSE MIDWIFE
practices in association with a health care agency and can obtain medical services if complications occur
NURSE MIDWIFE
conduct routine Papanicolaou smears, family planning, and routine breast examinations.
NURSE MIDWIFE
• Be part of the research program/team inside the hospital or outside (government agencies)
NURSE RESEARCHER
investigate nursing problems to improve nursing care and to refine and expand nursing knowledge. They are employed in academic institutions, teaching hospitals, and research centers such as the National Institute for Nursing Research in Bethesda, Maryland
NURSE RESEARCHER
advanced education at the doctoral level.
NURSE RESEARCHER
Needs legal knowledge
FORENSIC NURSE
provides direct services to individual clients, consultation services to nursing, medical, and law related agencies, and expert court testimony in areas dealing with trauma and/or questioned death investigative processes, adequacy of services delivery, and specialized diagnoses of specific conditions as related to nursing
FORENSIC NURSE
