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ADULT HEALTH 1 > HEADACHES > Flashcards

HEADACHES Flashcards

-Compare and contrast the etiology, clinical manifestations, collaborative care, and nursing management of tension-type, migraine, and cluster headaches. -Designing a nursing plan of care that includes pharmacological, dietary, and lifestyle considerations for patients with disorders of the brain.

1
Q

Headache pathophysiology

A

The result of the reaction of nociceptors (pain-sensitive nerve endings) to triggers, sending messages to the thalamus via the trigeminal nerve

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2
Q

Headache cause

A

Primary
Secondary

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3
Q

Primary headaches

A

Tension (muscular)
Migraines (vascular)
Cluster (neurological)

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4
Q

Tension causes

A

Jaw clenching
Neck arthritis

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5
Q

Tension headache clinical manifestations

A

Mild to moderate pain in the occipital
Frontal and temporal (sides of heads)
Constant pressure
Sensitivity to light
Episodic (10-15 per month) and chronic (more than 15 per month, pain is usually worse)

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6
Q

Cluster headache causes

A

Unclear
vascular dilation
Circadian rhythms (hypothalamus)

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7
Q

Migraine headache causes (unclear)

A

Weather/environment
Odors
Tobacco
Motion sickness
Hormones
Low blood sugar
Lights flashing
Stress
Food triggers

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8
Q

Migraine headache clinical manifestations

A

Pulsating throbbing
Neurological symptoms (motor weakness can cause stroke so this is a priority)
Double vision/seeing spots

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9
Q

Migraine headache clinical manifestations 4 phases

A

Premonitory (up to 24 hours before migraine develops)
-Mood changes
-Fluid retention
-Increased urine output
-Yawning
-Food cravings
Aura
-Flashing lights
-muscle weakness
Migraine
Postdromal (feels like a hungover)
-Confusion
-Exhaustion

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10
Q

Headache diagnosis

A

Headache diary
CT/MRI (neurological symptom with headache to help visualize that there is no major underlying cause)
EEG (electrical activity)
Blood work
Pain assessment

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11
Q

Headache nursing managment

A

Medications (NSAIDs, muscle relaxants, antidepressants, AEDs)
Interventions

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12
Q

Headache management

A

Oxygen therapy (cluster headache)
Lifestyle modifications (fluids because dehydration can cause headaches, quit smoking, sleep cycle)
Alternative Therapies
Age-related considerations

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13
Q

Headache complications

A

-Medication overuse headaches (A way to help is to withdraw from medication or decreasing amount)
-Status migrainous and hemicrania continua (continuous headache syndrome & these people can’t manage at home) (treat with IV hydration, IV magnesium)

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ADULT HEALTH 1 (2 decks)

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