head trauma Flashcards
what are the fibrous structures of the brain?
meninges, dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
what is the dura mater?
tough layer that covers the entire brain
what is the arachnoid mater?
under the dura mater, in which are suspended both arteries and veins
what’s the pia mater?
the very thin layer under the arachnoid, that adhered directly to the brain surface
what is the creation rate for CSF in the ventricles of the brain?
0.33mL/minute
what is a “primary” brain injury?
immediate damage to the brain tissue as a direct result of the injury force
what is a coup injury?
brain injury on the side of impact
what is a contracoup injury?
brain injury on the opposite side of impact
what’s a secondary brain injury?
a injury to the brain as a result of hypoxia of decreased perfusion of brain tissue after a primary injury.
what is the normal CO2 rate in the blood?
35-45mmHg
what’s ICP?
intracranial pressure. pressure of the brain and contents within the brain
what’s CPP?
cerebral perfusion pressure. pressure of blood flowing through the brain
what’s MAP?
mean arterial BP
the sum of the diastolic BP plus 1/3(systolic - diastolic)
when does ICP become dangerous?
when its > or = to 15mmHG
when does ICP become cerebral herniation?
> or = 25mmHg
what does the “head” consist of, excluding the face and facial structures?
scalp, skull, fibrous coverings of the brain, brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, vascular compartments.
