Head to toe- Legs Flashcards
1
Q
General inspection
A
- Body habitus
- Scars
- Muscle wasting
2
Q
Gait
A
- Ataxic gait
- Parkinsonian shuffle
- Waddeling gait
- Foot drop
3
Q
Feet/ankles- Anterior inspection
A
- Scars
- Bruising
- Swelling- effusion, septic arthritis, haemarthrosis, charcot joint
- Big toe misalignment- bunion
- Calluses- can be a sign of gait abnormality
4
Q
Feet/ankles- Lateral inspection
A
- Note foot arch
5
Q
Feet/ankles- Posterior inspection
A
- Muscle wasting- atrophy, or a lower motor neuron lesion
- Achilies tendon- tendonitis or rupture
6
Q
Feel ankles/feet- palpate
A
- Temperature- Cold= poor perfusion, Hot= cellulitis/septic arthritis
- Pulses- pedal pulse
- Palpate metatarsalphalangeal joint
- Palpate metatarsal, tarsal bones, ankle joint, calcaneus (heel)
- Palpate acheiles tendon
7
Q
Active then passive movement of ankle
A
- Plantarflexion
- Dorsiflexion
- Ankle inversion
- Ankle eversion
8
Q
Inspection of calves
A
- Swelling- DVT
- Oedema- HF/CKD
- Redness- DVT/Cellulitis
9
Q
Palpate calves
A
- Palpate for pitting oedema- HF/CKD/inactivity in elderly
10
Q
Inspection of knee
A
- Scars
- Bruising- trauma, anticoagulation, clotting disorders
- Patella positioning
- Muscle wasting- lower motor neuron lesion
- popliteal swelling- aneurysm or baskers cysts
11
Q
Feel knee
A
- Temperature-
- Palpate patella
- Palpate medial and lateral joint (comment on collateral tendon medial and lateral)
- Palpate patella tendon- Osgood-Schlatter disease
- Palpate popliteal region
12
Q
Move knee
A
- Flexion
- Extension
- Note tone
- Note power
13
Q
Inspect hip
A
- Scars
- Bruising
- Swelling
- Length discrepancy- shorted and rotated = NOF #
14
Q
Feel
A
- Temperature
- Hip joint palpation- difficult but tenderness can be a sign of trochanteric bursitis/#
15
Q
Active movement
A
- Hip flexion
- Hip extension
