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NUR1114 practicals > head, neck & trunk > Flashcards

head, neck & trunk Flashcards

1
Q

name the bone

A

mandible

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2
Q

what is the foramen magnum the passage for?

A

spinal cord

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3
Q

what is the action of the trapezius?

A

extends the neck

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4
Q

what is it called when you turn a bone along its own long axis?

A

rotation

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5
Q

what is this suture called?

A

squamous suture

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6
Q

what is the insertion of the orbicularis oculi?

A

skin of the eyelids

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7
Q

what do you call the movement of the forearm so the palm faces forwards or upwards & the radius & ulna are parallel?

A

supination

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8
Q

what is this suture called?

A

sagittal suture

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9
Q

what is another name for the mandibular condyle?

A

condylar process

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10
Q

what is the missing label on this diagram?

A

vertebral foramen

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11
Q

identify this muscle

A

orbicularis oris

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12
Q

name the landmark

A

zygomatic arch

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13
Q

what do the ribs articulate with posteriorly?

A

the 12 thoracic vertebrae

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14
Q

what is the insertion of the external intercostal muscles?

A

superior border of the rib below

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15
Q

name the structure

A

costal cartilage

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16
Q

how many coccygeal vertebrae are there & what do they make up?

A

4
coccyx

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17
Q

identify this muscle

A

temporalis

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18
Q

what are the movements of the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

flexion
extension
(of the neck)

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19
Q

what do you call the movement of the forearm so the palm faces downwards or backwards & the radius crosses over the ulna?

A

pronation

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20
Q

name the bone

A

occipital

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21
Q

name the bone

A

parietal

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22
Q

what level does the second costal cartilage join the sternum?

A

manubriosternal joint

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23
Q

what is this movement called?

A

flexion

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24
Q

what is the action of the orbicularis oculi?

A

closes the eye

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25
Q

label the diagram

A

true ribs (1-7)

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26
Q

name the landmark

A

vertebral body

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27
Q

what is the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?

A

mastoid process

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28
Q

what is this suture called?

A

lambdoid suture

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29
Q

what is the action of the masseter?

A

elevation of the mandible

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30
Q

name the landmark

A

vertebral foramen

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31
Q

what is another name for maxilla?

A

upper jaw

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32
Q

what does the mandibular condyle articulate with & what does it form?

A

temporal bone
joint of the jaw (temporomandibular joint)

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33
Q

what do the ribs run anteriorly towards?

A

sternum

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34
Q

what is the origin of the internal intercostal muscles?

A

superior border of rib below

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35
Q

what is the origin of the buccinator?

A

maxilla & mandible

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36
Q

label the diagram

A

12th rib

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37
Q

what is the insertion of the temporalis?

A

mandible

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38
Q

what movement can the vertebral column do?

A

flex
extend
bend laterally
rotate

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39
Q

identify this muscle

A

sternocleidomastoid

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40
Q

identify this muscle

A

rectus abdominis

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41
Q

what does the maxilla contain?

A

sinuses

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42
Q

what is it called when you turn a bone along its own long axis away from the midline?

A

lateral rotation

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43
Q

name the part of the sternum

A

xiphoid process

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44
Q

what is the insertion of the trapezius?

A

clavicle
acromion of the scapula
spine of the scapula

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45
Q

name the joint

A

sternal angle

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46
Q

the zygomatic arch is formed from the process’s of which 2 bones?

A

zygomatic bone
temporal bone

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47
Q

what is this suture called?

A

coronal suture

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48
Q

what is another name for the jugular notch?

A

suprasternal notch

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49
Q

what does the sternal angle allow?

A

sternal body to move anteriorly during inhalation

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50
Q

identify this muscle

A

trapezius

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51
Q

“as the bone or limb moves, it describes a cone while its end describes a circle”

what is this called?

A

circumduction

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52
Q

what do you call up-&-down movements? (2 answers)

A

up = elevation
down = depression

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53
Q

what are between the vertebral bodies & what do they consist of?

A

intervertebral discs
fibrocartilage w/ gelatinous centres

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54
Q

how is the atlanto-occipital joint formed?

A

between the occipital condyles at the base of the skull, & the first cervical vertebra “atlas”

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55
Q

the intervertebral joint between C1 & C2 is what kind of joint?

A

pivot

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56
Q

what does the superior end of the sternum support?

A

clavicles

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57
Q

label the diagram

A

linea alba

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58
Q

label the diagram

A

external intercostal muscles

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59
Q

“the sole of the foot is turned medially”

what is this called?

A

inversion

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60
Q

what the sternum articulate with?

A

first 7 pairs of ribs

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61
Q

what is formed by the joining of processes from the temporal & zygomatic bones?

A

zygomatic arch

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62
Q

what is it called when you turn a bone along its own long axis towards the midline?

A

medial rotation

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63
Q

what is another name for the mandible?

A

lower jaw

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64
Q

what is the action of the external intercostal muscles?

A

lifts rib cage up & out (elevates)

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65
Q

what is the insertion of the buccinator?

A

fibres of the orbicularis oris

66
Q

what are sutures interlocked by?

A

ossified fibrous connective tissue

67
Q

identify this muscle

A

masseter

68
Q

what is the insertion of the trapezius?

A

clavicle
acromion of the scapula
spine of the scapula

69
Q

what is the origin of the orbicularis oris?

A

maxilla & mandible

70
Q

how many lumbar vertebrae are there?

A

5

71
Q

how many thoracic vertebrae are there?

A

12

72
Q

what is the missing label on this diagram?

A

spinous process

73
Q

how many cervical vertebrae are there?

A

7

74
Q

what is the origin of the masseter?

A

zygomatic arch & zygomatic bone

75
Q

what 3 structures pass through the diaphragm?

A

aorta
oesophagus
inferior vena cava

76
Q

what is the action of the diaphragm?

A

moves inferiorly

77
Q

what do you call the reverse of abduction?

A

adduction

78
Q

where do the external intercostal muscles run?

A

downward
anteriorly

79
Q

what is the action of the internal intercostal muscles?

A

moves rib cage down & in (depresses)

80
Q

what is the insertion of the diaphragm?

A

a central tendon

81
Q

what are the movements of the mandible?

A

elevation
depression
side to side
retraction
protraction

82
Q

name the landmark

A

external acoustic meatus

83
Q

what is the action of the buccinator?

A

compresses the cheek

84
Q

label the diagram

A

internal intercostal muscles

85
Q

the last 2 ribs do not reach the sternum anteriorly (true/false)

A

true

86
Q

what is the missing label on this diagram?

A

vertebral body

87
Q

what is the origin of the diaphragm?

A

lower ribs
xiphoid process
first lumbar vertebra

88
Q

how many sacral vertebrae are there & what do they make up?

A

5
sacrum

89
Q

label the diagram

A

floating ribs (11,12)

90
Q

what is another name for zygomatic bones?

A

cheekbones

91
Q

name the part of the sternum

A

body

92
Q

what is the origin of the rectus abdominis?

A

pubic bone (superior surface)

93
Q

name the bone

A

maxilla

94
Q

what sinuses does the frontal bone contain & what is their functions?

A

air-filled sinus
reduce weight of skull

95
Q

occipital condyles serve for articulation with what?

A

first cervical vertebra (atlas)

96
Q

what does the jugular notch consist of?

A

superior border of manubrium
medial ends of clavicle

97
Q

how do the last 2 ribs end?

A

in muscles of the abdominal wall at the side

98
Q

name the bone

A

temporal

99
Q

what is it called when the sole of the foot is turned laterally?

A

eversion

100
Q

what 4 things does each temporal bone include?

A

external acoustic (auditory) meatus
mastoid process
temporomandibular joint
zygomatic arch

101
Q

what do you call the space between ribs?

A

intercostal spaces

102
Q

what are 2 other names for the sternal angle?

A

manubriosternal joint
angle of louis

103
Q

how are the first 7 ribs articulated to the sternum?

A

costal cartilages

104
Q

label the diagram

A

lumbar vertebra

105
Q

what does the occipital bone contain?

A

foramen magnum
occipital condyles

106
Q

what is the action of the rectus abdominis?

A

flexion of the trunk

107
Q

name the landmark

A

spinous process

108
Q

what carries the upper row of teeth?

A

maxilla

109
Q

identify this muscle

A

orbicularis oculi

110
Q

what does the upper part of the maxilla form?

A

floor of the orbits (eye sockets)

111
Q

name the landmark

A

mandibular condyle

112
Q

name the bone

A

zygomatic

113
Q

what is the action of the temporalis?

A

elevation of the mandible
retraction of the mandible

114
Q

what is the insertion of the rectus abdominis?

A

costal cartilage of ribs 5 - 7
xiphoid process

115
Q

what do you call the movements of a bone, forwards & backwards in the same horizontal plane?

A

forwards: protraction
backwards: retraction

116
Q

define muscle origin

A

attachment site that connects a muscle to a bone that does not move during contraction

117
Q

name the landmark

A

transverse process

118
Q

what is the lifting of the foot at the ankle called?

A

dorsiflexion

119
Q

what is the insertion of a muscle?

A

attachment site that connects the muscle to a bone that moves during contraction

120
Q

what level is the superior border of the manubrium on?

A

2nd thoracic vertebra

121
Q

what is the origin of the external intercostal muscles?

A

inferior border of rib above

122
Q

in the infant, the skull bones are connected by unossified fibrous connective tissue called:

A

fontanelles

123
Q

what does the lower part of the maxilla form?

A

hard palate

124
Q

name the landmark

A

mastoid process

125
Q

what is this movement called?

A

extension

126
Q

label the diagram

A

costal cartilage

127
Q

name the part of the sternum

A

manubrium

128
Q

what do you call a movement of a bone away from the midline?

A

abduction

129
Q

what is the insertion of the internal intercostal muscles?

A

inferior border of rib above

130
Q

what does the contraction of the diaphragm cause?

A

increase in intra-abdominal pressure

131
Q

what is the joint that has articulation with the mandible?

A

temporomandibular joint

132
Q

what happens when the internal intercostal muscles contract, what does this reduce & what is this important for?

A

ribs are depressed
volume of thorax
forced expiration

133
Q

what is the action of the orbicularis oris?

A

closes the lips

134
Q

what is the pushing of the foot downwards to point the toes called?

A

plantar flexion

135
Q

what is a bending movement that reduces the angle at a joint called?

A

flexion

136
Q

where does the linea alba run from & to?

A

xiphoid process > pubic symphysis

137
Q

label the diagram

A

diaphragm

138
Q

name the landmark

A

jugular notch

139
Q

what is the origin of the orbicularis oculi?

A

medial margin of the orbit

140
Q

identify this muscle

A

buccinator

141
Q

occipital condyles are part of the attachment (origin) of what muscle?

A

trapezius

142
Q

label the diagram

A

false ribs (8-10)

143
Q

what is the action of the sternocleidomastoid?

A

flexion of the neck

144
Q

what is the insertion of the orbicularis oris?

A

skin at the corner of the mouth

145
Q

where do the internal intercostal muscles run?

A

downward
posteriorly

146
Q

what do you call a movement which increases the angle between bones?

A

extension

147
Q

label the diagram

A

xiphoid process of sternum

148
Q

how many ribs are on each side?

A

12

149
Q

what does the linea alba connect?

A

right & left rectus abdominis muscles

150
Q

how are ribs 8, 9 & 10 connected to the sternum?

A

indirectly, through costal cartilages

151
Q

what is the insertion of the masseter?

A

mandible

152
Q

label the diagram

A

central tendon

153
Q

name the bone

A

frontal

154
Q

what is the origin of the temporalis?

A

temporal bone

155
Q

what happens when the external intercostal muscles contract, what increases & what is this important for?

A

ribs are lifted
volume of thorax
inspiration

156
Q

what is the origin of the trapezius?

A

base of the skull (occipital bone)
thoracic vertebrae
cervical vertebrae

157
Q

the body of what bone carries the lower row of teeth?

A

mandible

158
Q

what is C1 & C2 called?

A

atlas
axis

159
Q

what is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid?

A

sternum
sternal end of clavicle

160
Q

what does the diaphragm separate?

A

thoracic & abdominal cavities

161
Q

how many pairs of intercostal muscles are there between the ribs?

A

11

162
Q

where can the cartilage of the costal margin be palpated from?

A

xiphoid process laterally to the bone of the 10th rib

NUR1114 practicals (2 decks)

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