HEAD & NECK: THE EYES, ORBIT & THE ORBITAL REGION

Question 1

functions of eyelids

Answer 1

protection (injury and excessive light)
secretion, distribution & drainage of tears

Question 2

which eyelid is more mobile among the two?

Answer 2

superior/ upper eyelid

Question 3

what is the elliptical opening between the two eyelids called?

Answer 3

palpebral fissure

Question 4

structure that serves as an entrance to conjunctival sac

Answer 4

palpebral fissure

Question 5

superficial covering of eyelids

Answer 5

skin

Question 6

mucous membrane covering the deep surface of eyelids

Answer 6

conjunctiva

Question 7

lymphatic drainage of eyelids

Answer 7

lateral 2/3rd - preauricular/ superficial parotid LNs
medial 1/3rd - submandibular LNs

Question 8

sebaceous gland that opens into eyelash follicles

Answer 8

glands of zeis

Question 9

modified sweat glands that open separately between adjacent lashes

Answer 9

glands of moll (ciliary glands)

Question 10

modified sebaceous glands that pour oil onto the margin of eyelashes

Answer 10

tarsal glands

Question 11

function of tarsal glands secretion

Answer 11

prevents overflow of tears
helps airtight closed eyelids

Question 12

small space that separates eyeball from medial angle

Answer 12

lacus lacrimalis

Question 13

structure present in center of lacus lacrimalis

Answer 13

lacrimal caruncle (reddish yellow elevation)

Question 14

reddish semilunar fold on the lateral side of caruncle

Answer 14

plica semilunaris

Question 15

small elevation near the medial angle of eye

Answer 15

lacrimal papilla

Question 16

small hole on the summit of lacrimal papilla

Answer 16

lacrimal punctum

Question 17

lacrimal punctum leads into

Answer 17

lacrimal canaliculus

Question 18

function of lacrimal papilla and lacrimal punctum

Answer 18

carry tears into nose

Question 19

structures that pierce the upper lateral part of superior fornix

Answer 19

ducts of lacrimal gland

Question 20

parts of conjunctiva

Answer 20

palpebral conjunctiva
bulbar conjunctiva

Question 21

structure binding bulbar conjunctiva to underlying sclera

Answer 21

tenon’s capsule

Question 22

groove beneath the eyelid

Answer 22

subtarsal sulcus

Question 23

clinical importance of subtarsal sulcus

Answer 23

traps small foreign particles

Question 24

fibrous sheet that forms the framework of eyelids

Answer 24

orbital septum

Question 25

orbital septum is thickened at the margins to form

Answer 25

superior and inferior tarsal plates

Question 26

lateral and medial ends of tarsal plates are attached to bones by _______

Answer 26

lateral & medial palpebral ligament

Question 27

muscle covering the superficial surface of tarsal plates and orbital septum

Answer 27

orbicularis oculi (palpebral fibres)

Question 28

tarsal glands location

Answer 28

posterior surface of tarsal plates

Question 29

extrinsic muscles of eyeball

Answer 29

superior rectus inferior rectus lateral rectus medial rectus superior oblique inferior oblique

Question 30

intrinsic muscles of eyeball

Answer 30

sphincter pupillae of iris dilator pupillae of iris ciliary muscles

Question 31

nerve supply of sphincter papillae and ciliary muscle

Answer 31

parasympathetic via oculomotor nerve

Question 32

ciliary muscle action

Answer 32

controls lens shape, makes lens more globular

Question 33

muscles of eyelids

Answer 33

orbicularis oculi levator palpebrae superioris

Question 34

components of lacrimal apparatus

Answer 34

lacrimal gland + lacrimal ducts

Question 35

lacrimal ducts are found in

Answer 35

lacrimal fossa formed by frontal bone

Question 36

parts of lacrimal gland

Answer 36

- LARGE ORBITAL PART - SMALL PALPEBRAL PART

Question 37

where are the two parts of lacrimal glands continuous

Answer 37

around the lateral edge of the Aponeurosis of the Levator Palpebrae Superioris

Question 38

where does lacrimal gland open

Answer 38

lateral part of the superior fornix of the Conjunctiva

Question 39

how many ducts of lacrimal gland open into eye

Answer 39

12

Question 40

lacrimal gland nerve supply

Answer 40

sensory - lacrimal nerve (ophthalmic) parasympathetic - greater petrosal nerve (facial) sympathetic - deep petrosal nerve (internal carotid plexus)

Question 41

lacrimalis canaliculi opens into

Answer 41

lacrimal sac

Question 42

lacrimal sac is upper blind end of

Answer 42

nasolacrimal duct

Question 43

nasolacrimal duct opens into

Answer 43

Inferior Meatus of the nose

Question 44

function of lacrimal fold

Answer 44

prevents air flow into lacrimal sac on blowing nose

Question 45

orbital margin formed by

Answer 45

frontal bone zygomatic bone maxilla

Question 46

roof of orbit by

Answer 46

orbital plate of frontal bone

Question 47

lateral wall of orbit by

Answer 47

zygomatic bone greater wing of sphenoid bone

Question 48

floor of orbit by

Answer 48

orbital plate of maxilla

Question 49

medial wall of orbit by

Answer 49

frontal process of maxilla orbital plate of ethmoid lacrimal bone body of sphenoid