Head Injury Flashcards
What cerebral perfusion pressure should you aim for after a head injury?
> 60mmHg
How is cerebral perfusion pressure calculated?
The mean arterial pressure - intracranial pressure
What is the normal range of an adult’s ICP?
9-11mmHg
What are “raccoon” eyes a sign of?
Skull base fracture in the anterior cranial fossa - tarsal plates can be spared
What is the “Battle sign” and what is it an indication of?
Bruising found over the mastoid area behind the ear - sign of a skull base fracture in the middle/posterior cranial fossa
Which nerve is prone to damage as a result of a transtentorial herniation?
The third nerve - check for pupil dilatation
How long does it take for irreversible neuronal damage to occur in circulatory arrest?
Within 5 minutes
When should a CT head scan be requested in trauma?
Any of the following:
- skull fracture
- not orientated (GCS
What effect does mannitol have in an acute situation?
Can be used to help reduce intracranial pressure initially as it improves micro-perfusion
What symptoms are involved in post-concussion syndrome?
Poor concentration
Headache
Poor memory
Lethargy
What proportion of head-injured adults will be affected by post-concussion syndrome?
30% - huge socioeconomic burden
