Head growth disorder: sum

Question 1

Define microcephaly

Answer 1

> 2 SD below mean age and gender

Question 2

Primary etiolody of microcephaly

Answer 2

genetic syndromes
chromosomal abnormality (triosomy 13, 18 and 21)

Question 3

secondary etiolody of microcephaly

Answer 3

Torch - Meningitis & encephalitis posnatal - HIE - Stroke - TBI - Malnutirion

Question 4

define macrocephaly

Answer 4

> 2 SD above mean age and gender

Question 5

etiolody of macrocephaly

Answer 5

Familial or sporadic
- neurofibromatomsis
- Tuberous sclerosis
- Achondroplasia
- Alexander disease
- Canavan disease
- Sotos syndrome

Question 6

important thing to consider in macrocephaly

Answer 6

increased icp

Question 7

define hydrocephalus

Answer 7

disturbance in the flow, or formation or absorption of CSF that leads to increase volume in cerebral ventricle leading to increased ICP

Question 8

pathway of CSF

Answer 8

choroid plexus makes 500ml –>
lateral ventricle –>
foramina of monro –>
third ventricle –>
cerebral aquduct –>
fourth ventricle –>
foramina luscka & magendi –>
reabsorbed in arachnoid granulation at cisterna magna

Question 9

diff between obstructive hydrocephalus and non-obstructive

Answer 9

obstructive is obstructions within the ventricular system or outlet to grandulation
non-obstructive problem with absorption itself