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Mammalian Anatomy > Head and Neck Muscles, Bones, Blood Vessels, and Nerves > Flashcards

Head and Neck Muscles, Bones, Blood Vessels, and Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Sternohyoid: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Posterior surface of the sternum and inner clavicle
  • Innervation: Anterior rami of the spinal nerves C1-C3 via the ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus
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2
Q

Sternothyroid: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Posterior surface of the sternum

- Innervation: Anterior rami of the spinal nerves C1-C3 via the ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus

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3
Q

Omohyoid: Origin and Innveration

A
  • Origin: Superior border of the scapula near the suprascapular branch
  • Innervation: Anterior rami of the spinal nerves C01-C03 via the ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus
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4
Q

Which head/ neck muscles of the cat are innervated by the anterior rami of spinal nerves C01-C03 via the ansa cervicalis of the cervical plexus?

A

Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and omohyoid

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5
Q

What muscles make up the infrahyoid muscle group?

A

Sternocleidomastoid (sternomastoid + cleidomastoid), sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, and thyrohyoid

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6
Q

Which muscles are deep to the sternohyoid?

A

Sternothyroid and thyrohyoid

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7
Q

Which two muscles almost look like they’re one straight line?

A

Sternothyroid and thyrothyoid

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8
Q

What muscles are innervated by the facial nerve (CN07)?

A

The stylohyoid and buccinator

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9
Q

Stylohyoid: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Lateral surface of the styloid process

- Innervation: Stylohyoid branch of the facial nerve (CN07 AKA CN VII)

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10
Q

Buccinator: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Alveolar process of the maxilla and mandible

- Innervation: Buccal branch of the facial nerve (CN07 AKA CN VII)

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11
Q

Which is the only muscles to run perpendicular to the long axis of the cat unlike the majority of the other neck muscles which run along the long axis of the cat?

A

Stylohyoid, which is right in between the long portion of the neck and the beginning of the head

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12
Q

Where is omohyoid located?

A

Superficial and next to the sternohyoid

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13
Q

The olfactory nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN I

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14
Q

The optic nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN II

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15
Q

The oculomotor nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN III

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16
Q

The trochlear nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN IV

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17
Q

The trigeminal nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN V

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18
Q

The abducens nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN VI

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19
Q

The facial nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN VII

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20
Q

The vestibulocohlear nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN VIII

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21
Q

The glossopharyngeal nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN IX

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22
Q

The vagus nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN X

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23
Q

The accessory nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN XI

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24
Q

The hypoglossal nerve is which number cranial nerve?

A

CN XII

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25
Q

Which cranial nerve is the only one to come off more in the center of the brain stem vs from the side?

A

The last one, cranial nerve XII, the hypoglossal nerve?

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26
Q

Which nerve has 3 different tracts?

A

The trigeminal nerve (CN V)

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27
Q

Which nerve looks like a net on the brain stem

A

The accessory nerve (CN VI)

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28
Q

What is the name of CN I?

A

Olfactory nerve

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29
Q

What is the name of CN II?

A

Optic nerve

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30
Q

What is the name of CN III?

A

Oculomotor nerve

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31
Q

What is the name of CN IV?

A

Trochlear nerve

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32
Q

What is the name of CN V?

A

Trigeminal nerve

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33
Q

What is the name of CN VI?

A

Abducens nerve

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34
Q

What is the name of CN VII?

A

Facial nerve

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35
Q

What is the name of CN VIII?

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

36
Q

What is the name of CN IX?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

37
Q

What are all the cranial nerves?

A

Olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

38
Q

What the mnemonic to remember the cranial nerves?

A

Oh Oh Oh To Touch And Feel V Girl’s Vagina Ah Heaven

39
Q

What is the name of CN X?

A

Vagus nerve

40
Q

What is the name of CN XI?

A

Accessory nerve

41
Q

What is the name of CN XII?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

42
Q

What two muscles are deep to the masseter?

A

Medial and lateral pterygoid

43
Q

Medial pterygoid: Origin and innervation

A
  • Origin: Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

- Innervation: Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN05/CN V)

44
Q

Lateral pterygoid: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Lateral pterygoid plate

- Innervation: Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN05/CN V)

45
Q

What muscles are innervated by branches of trigeminal nerve (CN05/CN V)?

A

Medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, temporalis, mylohyoid, masseter, digastric muscles

46
Q

The superior (although not normally shown) and middle nasal conchae are part of which bone?

A

Ethmoid bone

47
Q

The mastoid process is part of what bone?

A

Temporal bone

48
Q

The mental protuberance is know as what?

A

The chin

49
Q

The sphenoid bone is in between which two bones?

A

The zygomatic and temporal bone

50
Q

In which bone do the superior and inferior orbital fissures and optic canal run through?

A

The sphenoid bone

51
Q

What cranial nerve passes through the optic canal?

A

CN II AKA the optic nerve

52
Q

What cranial nerve pass through the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN III, IV, V, and VI AKA the oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, and abducens nerves

53
Q

What cranial nerve passes through the mental foramen?

A

CN V AKA the trigeminal nerve

54
Q

What cranial nerve passes through the jugular foramen?

A

CN IX,X, and XI AKA glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves

55
Q

What cranial nerve passes through the stylomastoid process?

A

CN VII AKA the facial nerve

56
Q

What cranial nerve passes through the cribriform plate?

A

CN I AKA the olfactory nerve

57
Q

What cranial nerve passes through the foramen ovale?

A

CN V AKA the trigeminal nerve

58
Q

What cranial nerve passes through the foramen rotundum?

A

CN V AKA the trigeminal nerve

59
Q

What cranial nerve passes through the internal acoustic meatus?

A

CN VII and CN VIII AKA the vestibulocochlear and glossopharyngeal nerve

60
Q

What mnemonic can be used to remember which cranial nerves pass through what structures of the brain?

A

Candy or Sugar May Fucking Fuck Students in Jupiter

61
Q

What structures of the brain have cranial nerves passing through them?

A

Cribiform plate, optic canal, superior orbital fissure, Mental foramen, foramen ovale, foramen rotundum, stylomastoid process, internal acoustic meatus, jugular foramen

62
Q

What artery passes through the carotid canal?

A

The internal carotid artery

63
Q

What vein passes through the jugular foramen?

A

The internal jugular vein

64
Q

What artery passes through the foramen magnum?

A

The vertebral artery

65
Q

CN I (Olfactory nerve) passes through which brain structure?

A

Cribiform plate

66
Q

CN II (Optic nerve) passes through which brain structure?

A

Optic canal

67
Q

CN III (Oculomotor nerve), CN IV (Trochlear nerve), CN V (Trigeminal nerve), and CN VI (Abducens nerve) pass through which brain strucutres?

A

Superior orbital fissure

68
Q

CN V (Trigeminal nerve) passes through which brain structures?

A

Mental foramen, foramen ovale, and foramen rotundum

69
Q

CN VII (Facial nerve) passes through which brain structure?

A

Stylomastoid process

70
Q

CN VII (Facial nerve) and CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear nerve) pass through which brain structure?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

71
Q

CN IX (Glossopharyngeal nerve), CN X (Vagus nerve), and CN XI (Accessory nerve) pass through which brain structure?

A

Jugular foramen

72
Q

The internal carotid artery passes through which brain structure?

A

Carotid canal

73
Q

The internal jugular vein passes through which brain structure?

A

Jugular foramen

74
Q

The vertebral artery passes through which brain structure?

A

Foramen magnum

75
Q

Temporalis: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Temporal fossa

- Innervation: Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN05/CN V)

76
Q

Masseter: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Zygomatic arch

- Innervation: Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN05/ CN V)

77
Q

Mylohyoid: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Interior surface of the mandible

- Innervation: Mylohyoid branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN05/CN V)

78
Q

Digastric muscles: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Lower border of the jaw

- Innervation: Mylohyoid branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN05/CN V)

79
Q

Thryohyoid: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Oblique line of the thyroid cartilage

- Innervation: Anterior rami of spinal nerve C1 via the hypoglossal nerve (CN12/ CN XII)

80
Q

What sits in the sella turcica of the brain?

A

The pituitary gland

81
Q

Where do the articular facets of the occipital condyles sit on the atlas?

A

On the superior facets

82
Q

What is one way to tell the difference between the atlas and the axis?

A

The atlas (the first cervical vertebrae) contains the superior articular facets where the occipital condyles articulate with the cervical vertebrae while the axis (the second cervical vertebrae) contains a bifurcated spinous process

83
Q

Sternomastoid: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Manubrium and median raphe

- Innervation: Ventral rami of spinal nerves C01-C03/ accessory nerve (CN11/ CN XI)

84
Q

Cleidomastoid: Origin and Innervation

A
  • Origin: Mastoid process

- Innervation: Ventral rami of spinal nerves C02 + C03/ accessory nerve (CN11/ CN XI)

85
Q

Sternocleidomastoid (in humans)

A
  • Origin: Anterior surface of the manubrium and medial third of the clavicle
  • Innervation: Accessory nerve (CN11/ CN XI) branches from the anterior divisions of spinal nerves C02 + C03

Mammalian Anatomy (11 decks)

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