Head and Neck Muscles

Question 1

Anterior Scalene

Answer 1

Origin: Anterior tubercles of transverse process of C3-C6
Insertion: Scalene tubercle of R1
Action: elevates R1, flexes and laterally bends neck
Innervation: Brachial Plexus (C5-C7)

Question 2

Aryepiglottic

Answer 2

Origin: Superior part of the Apex of the arytenoid cartilage
Insertion: Epiglottis
Action: Draw epiglottis posteriorly during swallowing
Innervation: Inferior laryngeal nerve

Question 3

Oblique Arytenoid

Answer 3

Origin: Muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
Insertion: Posterior surface of contralateral arytenoid cartilage
Action: Draw arytenoid cartilages together, adducting the vocal folds
Innervation: Inferior laryngeal nerve

Question 4

Transverse Arytenoid

Answer 4

Origin: Posterior surface of arytenoid cartilage
Insertion: Posterior surface of the contralateral arytenoid cartilage
Action: Draws arytenoid cartilages together, adducting the vocal folds
Innervation: Inferior laryngeal nerve

Question 5

Auricular muscles (Superior, Anterior)

Answer 5

Insertion: Galea aponeurotica anterior to the ear and mastoid process
Insertion: Auricle posteriorly and superiorly, anteriorly
Action: Wiggle the ears
Innervation: Anterior/posterior temporal branches of facial nerve (VII)

Question 6

Buccinator

Answer 6

Origin: Pterygomandibular raphe, mandible and maxilla
Insertion: Angle of the mouth and lateral portion of upper and lower lips
Action: Pulls corner of mouth laterally
Innervation: Buccal branches of facial nerve

Question 7

Chondroglossus

Answer 7

Origin: Medial side of lesser horn and body of hyoid bone
Insertion: Blends with internal tongue musculature
Action: Pulls sides of the tongue down
Innervation: hypoglossal nerve (XIII)

Question 8

Ciliary

Answer 8

Origin: Meridional fibers, scleral spur, circular fibers, encircling the ciliary process
Action: Meridional fibers, ciliary process, circular fibers, encircle the ciliary process
Action: Relaxes the suspensory ligament of the lens
Innervation: Parasympathetic fibers in the oculomotor nerve (III)

Question 9

Inferior pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 9

Origin: Olbique line of the thyroid cartilage, lateral surface of the cricoid cartilage
Insertion: Midline of pharyngeal raphe
Action: Constricts pharyngeal cavity
Innervation: Vagus (X)

Question 10

Middle pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 10

Origin: Lesser and Greater horns of the hyoid bone and inferior part of the stylohyoid ligament
Insertion: Midline pharyngeal raphe
Action: Constricts the pharyngeal cavity
Innervation: Vagus (X)

Question 11

Superior pharyngeal constrictor

Answer 11

Origin: Medial pterygoid plate, pterygoid hamulus, pterygomandibular raphe, mylohyoid line of mandible
Insertion: Pharyngeal tubercle and midline pharyngeal raphe
Action: Constrict the pharyngeal cavity
Innervation: Vagus (X)

Question 12

Corrugator

Answer 12

Origin: Medial part of the supercillary arch
Insertion: Skin of the medial half of the eyebrow
Action: Draws eyebrows together
Innervation: Temporal branch of the facial nerve (VII)

Question 13

Lateral cricoarytenoid

Answer 13

Origin: Arch of the cricoid cartilage
Insertion: Muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
Action: Draws the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage anteriorly
Innervation: Inferior laryngeal nerve

Question 14

Posterior cricoarytenoid

Answer 14

Origin: Posterior surface of the lamina of the cricoid cartilage
Insertion: Muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
Action: Draw the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage posteriorly

Question 15

Cricopharyngeus

Answer 15

Origin: Lateral surface of the cricoid cartilage
Insertion: Midline pharyngeal raphe
Action: Constricts the pharyngeal cavity
Innervation: Recurrent laryngeal nerve (X)

Question 16

Cricothyroid

Answer 16

Origin: Arch of the cricoid cartilage
Insertion: Inferior border of the thyroid cartilage
Action: Draws the thyroid cartilage forward, lengthens vocal ligaments
Innervation: External branch of superior laryngeal nerve (X)