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Year 2 Anatomy > Head and Neck dissection > Flashcards

Head and Neck dissection Flashcards

1
Q

Which bones make up the cranial base?

A

The ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, frontal, parietal and temporal bones.

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2
Q

What bone makes up the cribriform plate?

A

Ethmoid bone

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3
Q

Which nerve tract passes through the cribriform plate?

A

Olfactory tract, they support the olfactory bulb

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4
Q

What is found within the anterior cranial fossa?

A

Anteroinferior portions of the frontal lobe

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5
Q

What is found in between the cribriform plates?

A

Crista galli, in midline of ethmoid

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6
Q

What attaches to the anterior clinoid process?

A

Tentorium cerebelli

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7
Q

What is the tentorium cerebelli?

A

A sheet of dura that separates the cerebrum from cerebellum

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8
Q

What separates the anterior and middle cranial fossae?

A

Lesser wing of sphenoid

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9
Q

What foramina are found within the cribriform plate?

A

Formina for olfactory nerve (CN I) into nasal cavity
Anterior ethmoidal foramen: anterior ethmoidal a, n, v
Posterior ethmoidal foramen: posterior ethmoidal a, n, v

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10
Q

What is anosmia?

A

Loss of sense of smell

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11
Q

What cranial foramina does CN I pass through?

A

Cribriform plate

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12
Q

What cranial foramina does CN II pass through?

A

Optic canal, ophthalmic artery also passes through

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13
Q

What structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?

A 
CN V1 ophtalmic nerve
CN III occulomotor nerve
CN IV tochlear nerve
CN VI abducens nerve
Lacrimal vein
Superior and inferior opthalmic veins
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14
Q

What structure pass through the foramen rotundum?

A

CN V2 maxillary nerve

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15
Q

What structure pass through the foramen ovale?

A

CN V3 mandibular nerve

Accessory meningeal artery

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16
Q

What structure pass through the internal acoustic meatus?

A

CN VII facial nerve

CN VIII vestibulocochlear

17
Q

What structure pass through the jugular foramen ?

A 
Inferior petrosal sinus
CN IX Glossopharangeal nerve
CN X Vagus nerve
CN XI cranial part of accessory nerve
Sigmoid sinus
18
Q

What cranial foramen does the hypoglossal nerve pass through?

A

Hypoglossal canal in occipital bone

19
Q

What structures pass through foramen magnum?

A 
Medulla
Meninges
Vertebral arteies
Anterior and posterior spinal arteries
Dural veins
Spinal division of accessory nerve
20
Q

What structures pass through the foramen spinosum?

A

Middle meningeal artery and vein

21
Q

Which bones make up the facial skeleton?

A 
Zygomatic bone
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Inferior nasal conchae bone
Palatine bone
Maxilla
Vomer 
Mandible
22
Q

What are the 3 main sutures in adulthood?

A

Coronal suture
Sagittal suture
Lambdoid suture

23
Q

What structures are held together by coronal suture?

A

Frontal bone and parietal bones

24
Q

What structures are held together by sagittal suture?

A

Fuses both parietal bones together

25
Q

What structures are held together by lambdoid suture?

A

Occipial bone and parietal bones

26
Q

What are the 2 major fontanelles found in neonates?

A

Frontal fontanelle

Occipital fontanelle

27
Q

Where is the frontal fontanelle found?

A

At junction between coronal and sagittal sutures

28
Q

Where is the occipital fontanelle found?

A

At junction between sagittal and lambdoid sutures

29
Q

What is the pterion?

A

Junction between temporal, parietal, sphenoid and frontal bones, thinnest part of skull

30
Q

What structures lies underneath the pterion?

A

The middle meningeal artery

31
Q

What happens when there is a fracture to the pterion?

A

The middle meningeal artery underneath may get lacerated and give rise to an extradural haematoma

32
Q

Which bones make up the anterior cranial fossa?

A

Frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid bones

33
Q

Which bones make up the middle cranial fossa?

A

Sphenoid, temporal and parietal bones

34
Q

Which bones make up the posterior cranial fossa?

A

Squamous and mastoid temporal bones, occipital bone

35
Q

What is a depressed fracture?

A

Fracture with depression of bone inside, due to direct blow to head

36
Q

What is a linear fracture?

A

A simple break in bone transversing the whole thinkness in the bone and have radiating (stellate) lines away from point of impact, most common head fracture

Year 2 Anatomy (1 decks)

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