Head and Neck Cancers

Question 1

Epstein- Barr Virus associated with cancers of the?

Answer 1

Nasopharynx

Question 2

What is Epstein- Barr Virus?

Answer 2

Human herpesvirus. Most common human virus. Also called mono

Question 3

HPV are assoicated with carcinomas in which area of the Head and Neck?

Answer 3

Tongue, floor of the mouth, and tonsils

Question 4

Anterior two thirds of the tongue, lip, buccal mucosa, retromolar trigone, floor of the mouth, hard palate

Answer 4

Oral Cavity

Question 5

Posterosuperior pharyngeal wall and lateral pharyngeal wall, eustachian tube orifice, and the adenoids.

Answer 5

Nasopharynx

Question 6

Base of the tongue, tonsils(fossa and pillars) , soft palate and oropharyngeal walls

Answer 6

Oropharynx

Question 7

Pyriform sinuses, postcricoid, and lower posterior phayngeal walls below base of the tongue.

Answer 7

Hypopharynx

Question 8

Glottis, supraglottis, and subglottis

Answer 8

Larynx

Question 9

Oral Cavity- Clinical Presentations

Answer 9

Poor oral and dental hygiene
Plummer-Vinson syndrome ( iron deficiency in females)
Leukoplakia/erthroplasia( severe dyplastic changes)
Non healing ulcers
SCC

Question 10

Lips- lymphatic drainage

Answer 10

submandibular, preauricular, and facial nodes

Question 11

Buccal mucosa- lymphatic drainage

Answer 11

submaxillary and submental

Question 12

Gingiva- lymph drainage

Answer 12

submaxillary and jugular

Question 13

Retromolar trigone- lymph drainage

Answer 13

submaxillary and upper jugular nodes

Question 14

Floor of the mouth- lymph drainage

Answer 14

submaxillary and jugular (middle and upper nodes)

Question 15

Anterior two thirds of the tongue- lymph drain

Answer 15

submaxillary and upper jugular nodes

Question 16

Oral Cavity -Anterior Radiation Treatment Border

Answer 16

anterior of mandible( excluding lower lips)

Question 17

Oral Cavity- Posterior RT Border

Answer 17

Behind vertebral bodies or spinous process

Question 18

OC- Sup RT Border

Answer 18

1.5 cm above the tongue

Question 19

OC- Inf RT Border

Answer 19

thyroid notch

Question 20

Clinical detection for Oral Cavity cancer

Answer 20

Swelling or an ulcer that fails to heal

Question 21

Located behind the nose and extends from the posterior nares to the level of the soft palate

Answer 21

Nasopharynx

Question 22

Nasopharynx- Clinical Presentation

Answer 22

Bloody discharge
Auditory dysfunction 
Respiratory dysfunction
Cranial nerve involvement (III, V, VI, IX, XII)
SCC common

Question 23

Retropharyngeal nodes - lymph drainage

Answer 23

superior jugular and posterior cervical nodes

Question 24

Lateral retropharyngeal node AKA?

Answer 24

Node of Rouviere

Question 25

How many cartilages make up the larynx?

Answer 25

9

Question 26

About ____ of the body's lymph nodes are located in the head and neck area.

Answer 26

one third

Question 27

What muscle divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles?

Answer 27

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 28

The ____ nodal group, below the mastoid tip, receives nearly all of the lymph from the head and neck area and is often included in the treatment area.

Answer 28

Jugulodigastric nodes

Question 29

Function of the hyoid bone

Answer 29

Acts as an attachment site for muscles associated with swallowing

Question 30

The largest vascular structure located in the neck?

Answer 30

Internal jugular vein

Question 31

Jugulodigastric node may also be referred to as:

Answer 31

Subdigastric node

Question 32

The tonsils are most common site of disease in which of the following area?

Answer 32

Oropharynx

Question 33

The most common site of distant metastatic disease from head and neck area is the

Answer 33

Lungs

Question 34

More than 80% of head and neck cancers arise from the surface epithelium of the mucosal linings of the upper digestive tract and are

Answer 34

SCC

Question 35

The usual wedge-pair technique often used in treatment of the parotid gland is

Answer 35

Superior/ Inferior oblique combination

Question 36

The most commonly involved site for malignancy of the sinuses would be

Answer 36

Maxillary

Question 37

Oropharynx (tonsils) - Clinical presentations

Answer 37

``` Sore throat Pain on swallowing upper spinal nodal swelling referred otalgia SCC common ```

Question 38

Base of tongue- Lymph drainage

Answer 38

Jugulodigastric, low cervical, and retropharyngeal nodes

Question 39

Tonsillar fossa- lymph drainage

Answer 39

jugulodigastric and submaxillary nodes

Question 40

Soft Palate- lymph drainage

Answer 40

jugulodigastric; submaxillary, and spinal accessory nodes

Question 41

Pharyngeal walls- lymph drainage

Answer 41

retropharyngeal nodes, pharyngeal nodes, and jugulodigastric

Question 42

Hypopharynx AKA

Answer 42

Pyriform sinuses

Question 43

Hypoharynx- Clinical presentations

Answer 43

``` Sore throat Odynophagia Neck Mass Dysphagia (hallmark of postcricoid carcinoma) Weight loss SCC common ```

Question 44

Hypopharynx- detection and diagnosis

Answer 44

``` Inspection Palpation Biopsy Fiber Optic endoscopy CT/MRI ```