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Mosby > Head and Neck Cancers > Flashcards

Head and Neck Cancers Flashcards

1
Q

Epstein- Barr Virus associated with cancers of the?

A

Nasopharynx

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2
Q

What is Epstein- Barr Virus?

A

Human herpesvirus. Most common human virus. Also called mono

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3
Q

HPV are assoicated with carcinomas in which area of the Head and Neck?

A

Tongue, floor of the mouth, and tonsils

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4
Q

Anterior two thirds of the tongue, lip, buccal mucosa, retromolar trigone, floor of the mouth, hard palate

A

Oral Cavity

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5
Q

Posterosuperior pharyngeal wall and lateral pharyngeal wall, eustachian tube orifice, and the adenoids.

A

Nasopharynx

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6
Q

Base of the tongue, tonsils(fossa and pillars) , soft palate and oropharyngeal walls

A

Oropharynx

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7
Q

Pyriform sinuses, postcricoid, and lower posterior phayngeal walls below base of the tongue.

A

Hypopharynx

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8
Q

Glottis, supraglottis, and subglottis

A

Larynx

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9
Q

Oral Cavity- Clinical Presentations

A

Poor oral and dental hygiene
Plummer-Vinson syndrome ( iron deficiency in females)
Leukoplakia/erthroplasia( severe dyplastic changes)
Non healing ulcers
SCC

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10
Q

Lips- lymphatic drainage

A

submandibular, preauricular, and facial nodes

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11
Q

Buccal mucosa- lymphatic drainage

A

submaxillary and submental

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12
Q

Gingiva- lymph drainage

A

submaxillary and jugular

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13
Q

Retromolar trigone- lymph drainage

A

submaxillary and upper jugular nodes

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14
Q

Floor of the mouth- lymph drainage

A

submaxillary and jugular (middle and upper nodes)

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15
Q

Anterior two thirds of the tongue- lymph drain

A

submaxillary and upper jugular nodes

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16
Q

Oral Cavity -Anterior Radiation Treatment Border

A

anterior of mandible( excluding lower lips)

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17
Q

Oral Cavity- Posterior RT Border

A

Behind vertebral bodies or spinous process

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18
Q

OC- Sup RT Border

A

1.5 cm above the tongue

19
Q

OC- Inf RT Border

A

thyroid notch

20
Q

Clinical detection for Oral Cavity cancer

A

Swelling or an ulcer that fails to heal

21
Q

Located behind the nose and extends from the posterior nares to the level of the soft palate

A

Nasopharynx

22
Q

Nasopharynx- Clinical Presentation

A 
Bloody discharge
Auditory dysfunction 
Respiratory dysfunction
Cranial nerve involvement (III, V, VI, IX, XII)
SCC common
23
Q

Retropharyngeal nodes - lymph drainage

A

superior jugular and posterior cervical nodes

24
Q

Lateral retropharyngeal node AKA?

A

Node of Rouviere

25
Q

How many cartilages make up the larynx?

A

9

26
Q

About ____ of the body’s lymph nodes are located in the head and neck area.

A

one third

27
Q

What muscle divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

28
Q

The ____ nodal group, below the mastoid tip, receives nearly all of the lymph from the head and neck area and is often included in the treatment area.

A

Jugulodigastric nodes

29
Q

Function of the hyoid bone

A

Acts as an attachment site for muscles associated with swallowing

30
Q

The largest vascular structure located in the neck?

A

Internal jugular vein

31
Q

Jugulodigastric node may also be referred to as:

A

Subdigastric node

32
Q

The tonsils are most common site of disease in which of the following area?

A

Oropharynx

33
Q

The most common site of distant metastatic disease from head and neck area is the

A

Lungs

34
Q

More than 80% of head and neck cancers arise from the surface epithelium of the mucosal linings of the upper digestive tract and are

A

SCC

35
Q

The usual wedge-pair technique often used in treatment of the parotid gland is

A

Superior/ Inferior oblique combination

36
Q

The most commonly involved site for malignancy of the sinuses would be

A

Maxillary

37
Q

Oropharynx (tonsils) - Clinical presentations

A 
Sore throat
Pain on swallowing
upper spinal nodal swelling
referred otalgia
SCC common
38
Q

Base of tongue- Lymph drainage

A

Jugulodigastric, low cervical, and retropharyngeal nodes

39
Q

Tonsillar fossa- lymph drainage

A

jugulodigastric and submaxillary nodes

40
Q

Soft Palate- lymph drainage

A

jugulodigastric; submaxillary, and spinal accessory nodes

41
Q

Pharyngeal walls- lymph drainage

A

retropharyngeal nodes, pharyngeal nodes, and jugulodigastric

42
Q

Hypopharynx AKA

A

Pyriform sinuses

43
Q

Hypoharynx- Clinical presentations

A 
Sore throat
Odynophagia
Neck Mass
Dysphagia (hallmark of postcricoid carcinoma)
Weight loss
 SCC common
44
Q

Hypopharynx- detection and diagnosis

A 
Inspection
Palpation
Biopsy
Fiber Optic endoscopy
CT/MRI

Mosby (2 decks)

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