Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HEENT > Head and Neck CA > Flashcards

Head and Neck CA Flashcards

1
Q

Non-healing ulcer/ sore
Loosening of teeth or ill-fitting dentures
Dysphagia/ Odynophagia
Wt loss
Bleeding
Referred otalgia
Neck mass
Are all ssx of what cancer

A

Oral Cavity Cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Neck mass
Chronic serous otitis media
Pain
Are all ssx of what cancer

A

Nasopharynx Cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chronic sore throat
Referred otalgia
Late sx - change in voice/ hoarseness, dysphagia, trismus (locked jaw)
Are all ssx of what cancer

A

oropharynx cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Patients often remain asymptomatic for a long period
presenting complaints - pain, bleeding, neck mass
are all ssx of what cancer

A

posterior pharyngeal wall cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

70-80% of pts have clinically involved cervical nodes at the same time of diagnosis - ssx of what cancer

A

hypopharynx cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

usually dx late stage can present with airway obstruction and neck mass due to lymphadenopathy =

A

supraglottic cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

often causes sx early:
persistent hoarseness
dysphagia
referred otalgia
chronic cough
hemoptysis
stridor =

A

glottic laryngeal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Over 60% of pts with head and neck cancer present with

A

cervical lymphadenopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Head and Neck CA is dx by

A

bx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Refer immediately to ____ if Head/Neck CA suspected

A

EENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Testing for Head/Neck CA can include:

A

Panendoscopy (laryngoscopy, Bronchoscopy, Esophagoscopy)
CT or MRI
PET scan
CBC, LFTs, CMP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Neck Mass DDX

A

congenital - Branchial cleft cyst, thyroglossal duct cyst, vascular abnormalities
Infectious/ inflammatory
Malignant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Branchial Cleft Cysts are

A

by the 5th week of pregnancy these “gills” should go away but when they don’t they form this
located right below the ear or anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thyroglossal duct cyst is located

A

superior of cricoid cartilage, inferior of hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

if infection is unlikely, mass doesn’t resolve, or mass recurs ___________ is required

A

further workup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

first imaging study =

A

CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

staging for head/neck cancer

A

TNM staging
Tumor
nodes
mets

18
Q

Early stage treatment (stage 1 & 2)
small localized disease without nodal involvement

A

treat with either surgery or radiation

19
Q

Locally advanced (high risk for local recurrence)

A

chemo is gold standard
surgery reserved to preserve organ function

20
Q

Early stage head and neck CA prognosis

A

70-90% survival

21
Q

Late stage head and neck CA prognosis

A

30-60% survival

22
Q

Late stage head and neck CA prognosis

A

30-60% survival

23
Q

Cancers due to HPV appear to have a better

A

prognosis

24
Q

Head and Neck CA prevention vaccines

A

HPV (Gardisil, Gardisil 9, Cervarix)

25
Q

Leukoplakia =

A

Premalignant lesion
white patch on oral mucosa that cannot be scraped off
bx is needed - 20% develop into invasive cancer in

26
Q

Leukoplakia =

A

Premalignant lesion
white patch on oral mucosa that cannot be scraped off
bx - precancerous
20% develop into invasive cancer in 10 years

27
Q

Erythroplakia =

A

red patch on the oral mucosa
dx - precancerous
more likely than leukoplakia to become malignant or have an invasive component (30-50%)

28
Q

Hairy Leukoplakia =

A

EBV induced lesion
always HIV infected or immunocompromised pts
NOT a premalignant lesion
painless white patch - often tx is not needed

29
Q

Nasal/ Paranasal CA is _____ and is more common in _____

A

rare
men ~ 60-65 yo

30
Q

Most common site of Nasal/ Paranasal CA

A

maxillary sinus
second - ethmoid sinus

31
Q

Nasal/ Paranasal CA ssx

A

pain
nasal obstruction
epistaxis
chronic sinus congestion
hyposmia/ microsmia*

32
Q

Nasal/ Paranasal CA dx you need a

A

bx
workup - CT, endoscopy, MRI

33
Q

Nasal/ Paranasal CA dx you need a

A

bx
workup includes - CT, endoscopy, MRI

34
Q

Nasal/ Paranasal CA are usually related to

A

occupational exposures

35
Q

Nasal/ Paranasal CA staging

A

TNM staging
most do NOT have lymph node involvement

36
Q

most Nasal/ Paranasal CA do NOT have ________

A

lymph node involvement

37
Q

80+% of Nasal/ Paranasal CA have ______ invasion

A

bony

38
Q

Nasal/ Paranasal CA treatment

A

surgery and radiation

39
Q

Salivary gland tumors are most common in

A

80-85% = parotid gland, 80% = benign
tumors in other salivary glands more likely to be malignant

40
Q

Nasal/ Paranasal CA prognosis

A

overall poor
T1 = 50% and the further you go the further it drops

HEENT (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions